[1,2,5]噁二唑[3,4⁃b]吡嗪⁃5,6⁃(1H,3H)⁃二酮及其含能盐的合成及性能  

Synthesis and Performance of[1,2,5]Oxadiazolo[3,4⁃b]Pyrazine⁃5,6⁃(1H,3H)⁃dione and its Energetic Salts

作　　者：肖悠悠 雷才金 杨红伟[1] 程广斌[1] XIAO You-you;LEI Cai-jin;YANG Hong-wei;CHENG Guang-bin(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《含能材料》2022年第3期236-241,共6页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(21875110,22075143)。

摘　　要：以3,4‑二氨基呋咱和草酸为原料经酰胺缩合反应一步法直接合成了[1,2,5]噁二唑[3,4‑b]吡嗪‑5,6‑(1H,3H)‑二酮(1),并进一步与碱反应合成了该化合物的离子盐2~5。通过红外、核磁共振氢谱和碳谱对化合物1~5进行了结构表征;并通过X‑射线单晶衍射对化合物1和5的单晶结构进一步表征;利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了化合物1~5的热行为,化合物1~5的热分解温度在210.5~313.5℃之间;采用Gaussian 09程序和Explo 5(v.6.01)评估了化合物1~5的爆轰性能,计算爆速在7327~8555 m·s^(-1)之间,爆压在20.5~30.6 GPa范围内;利用BAM感度测试仪进行感度测试,化合物1的撞击感度为27 J,摩擦感度为280 N,其胺盐、肼盐、羟胺盐的撞击感度均大于40 J,摩擦感度均为360 N,钠盐的撞击感度为7 J,摩擦感度为120 N。其中肼盐和羟胺盐有望作为新型的高能低感含能材料。[1,2,5]oxadiazole[3,4‑b]pyrazine‑5,6‑(1H,3H)‑dione(1)was synthesized directly from 3,4‑diaminofurazan and oxalic acid by one‑step amide condensation reaction,and the corresponding ionic salts 2-5 were further synthesized by reaction with base.The structures of compounds 1-5 were characterized by infrared spectrum(IR),1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).The structures of compounds 1 and 5 were further characterized by X‑ray single crystal diffraction.The thermal behaviors of compounds 1-5 were investigated based on differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)measurement.The thermal decomposition temperatures of compounds 1-5 ranged from 210.5℃to 313.5℃.The physicochemical properties and detonation performances of compounds 1-5 were estimated by Gaussian 09 program and Explo 5(v.6.01).The calculated detonation velocities of compounds 1-5 ranged from 7327 m·s^(-1) to 8555 m·s^(-1),and the detonation pressures ranged from 20.5 GPa to 30.6 GPa.The impact and friction sensitivities were determined by using BAM technology.The impact sensitivity of compound 1 is 27 J and the friction sensitivity is 280 N.The impact sensitivities of compounds 2-4 are all greater than 40 J and the friction sensitivities of 2-4 are 360 N.The impact sensitivity of sodium salt is 7 J and the friction sensitivity is 120 N.Among them,energetic salts 3 and 4 are expected to be new energetic materials with high energy and low sensitivity.

关 键 词：[1 2 5]噁二唑[3 4‑b]吡嗪‑5 6‑(1H 3H)‑二酮 含能离子盐 合成 热稳定性 晶体结构 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]