目标树经营对杉木人工林林分空间结构的影响  

Influence of target tree management on the spatial structure of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation

作　　者：黄晓霞[1] 尤美子 徐伟涛[1] 赖敏华 林嘉源 赖日文[1] HUANG Xiaoxia;YOU Meizi;XU Weitao;LAI Minhua;LIN Jiayuan;LAI Riwen(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;People′s Government of Mashui Town in Yangchun City of Guangdong Province,Yangchun,Guangdong 529627,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]广东省阳春市马水镇人民政府,广东阳春529627

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2022年第2期131-140,共10页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：福建农林大学科技发展基金项目(KHF190017);地方政府横向课题(KH190110A)。

摘　　要：为探究目标树经营对杉木人工林林分空间结构的改善效果,在3个林龄(8、12、21 a)的杉木人工林中分别设置3块标准地,选取4个空间结构参数(角尺度、大小比数、开敞度和竞争指数)与胸径因子构建单木综合评价指标模型来确定目标树、干扰木和一般木,通过模拟采伐干扰木,计算并分析间伐前后林分空间结构参数的变化。结果表明,林分空间结构单元多以1株中心木和5~6株近邻木构成;林龄为8、12和21 a的杉木人工林样地的干扰木数量分别占林分的33.93%、31.80%、11.20%;3个林龄各样地林木均为随机分布,林木分化明显,生长空间不足,竞争压力较大。经目标树抚育模拟间伐干扰木后,林龄为8、12和21 a的杉木人工林样地大小比数和竞争指数的平均值均降低,林木间竞争压力减小,竞争优势地位提升;林龄为8、12 a的杉木人工林样地角尺度和开敞度的平均值均增大,林木空间分布格局越来越优,生长空间大幅增加,而林龄为21 a的杉木人工林样地的改善程度不明显。To study the effect of target tree management on the spatial structure of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation,three types of forest of different age(8,12,and 21 years)were allocated to three standard plots.Target tree,disturbance tree,and general tree were determined by selecting the spatial structural parameters such as uniform angle index,size ratio,openness,competition index,and DBH to construct a comprehensive evaluation index model.The change in the spatial structure parameters were computed and analyzed after simulated cutting of disturbance tree.The results showed that the spatial structural unit comprised one central tree and five to six neighbor trees.The competition pressure of 8-year-old and 12-year-old trees was high,and the number of disturbance trees was approximately 30%of the total.The trees of three forest ages were randomly distributed,with evident differentiation,limited growth space,and great pressure.After simulated cutting of disturbance tree,the size ratio of target trees at each age decreased and exhibited a dominant state.The spatial distribution pattern of the 8-year-old and 12-year-old trees was optimized,whereas that of 21-year-old tree was inconspicuous;the openness increased,growth space was basically sufficient,and the competition index decreased,indicating that the pressure of target tree decreased significantly.

关 键 词：杉木人工林 目标树经营 林分空间结构 单木综合评价指标模型 VORONOI图 

分 类 号：S753.5[农业科学—森林经理学]