俄罗斯新版国家安全战略评析  

An Analysis on Russia’s New National Security Strategy

作　　者：于淑杰[1] Yu Shujie

机构地区：[1]军事科学院战争研究院外国军事研究所

出　　处：《俄罗斯东欧中亚研究》2022年第1期32-47,155,共17页Russian，East European & Central Asian Studies

基　　金：2020年度国家社会科学基金军事学重大项目“世界主要国家安全体制深化研究”及“世界主要国家安全战略及安全体制机制法律法规汇编”(2020-SKJJ-A-006)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：2021年7月2日,俄出台新版《俄罗斯联邦国家安全战略》,其中有许多新变化值得关注。俄认为,当前国际形势动荡不安,地缘政治紧张局势日益加剧,武力仍是解决国家间冲突矛盾的重要手段。俄当前国家安全面临的主要威胁是美西方针对其进行的“混合战争”,具体包括军事威胁、经济制裁和政治施压。为此,新战略提出的基本战略目标是维护国内、周边及全球稳定,保持和增强俄在独联体空间作为地区大国的影响力,巩固和提高俄作为世界影响力中心之一的国际地位。当前俄保障国家安全的基本途径是:维护全球战略稳定,巩固和平、安全和国际关系的法律基础,以稳定促发展、以发展保安全,以综合安全观为指导优先抓好关键重点安全领域。但能否成功实施新战略,取决于俄的能力和条件。就目前来看,有利的一面是,俄现政权拥有比较稳定的社会群众基础和雄厚的军事实力;不利的一面是,俄经济不景气可能对新战略的实施造成相当大的阻力。On July 2,2021,Russia issued a new version of the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation,in which many new changes deserve attention. Russia believes that the current international situation is turbulent and geopolitical tensions are increasing. Force is still an important means to solve conflicts between countries. The main threat to Russia’s national security is the “hybrid war”from the United States and the West, including military threats, economic sanctions and political pressure. The basic strategic objectives of the new Strategy are to maintain domestic,peripheral and global stability,maintain and enhance Russia’s influence as a regional power in the CIS space,consolidate and improve Russia’s international status as one of the world’s influential centers. The basic way for Russia to ensure national security is to maintain global strategic stability,consolidate the legal basis of peace,security and international relations,promote development with stability and ensure security with development,and give priority to key security areas. However, whether the new Strategy can be successfully implemented depends on Russia’s ability and conditions. At present,the favorable side is that the current Russian regime has a relatively stable social mass foundation and strong military strength;the disadvantage is that Russia ’s economic downturn may cause considerable resistance to the implementation of the new strategy.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 综合安全观 国家安全 新版国家安全战略 

分 类 号：D751.2[政治法律—政治学]