寒冷季节光照制度对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of light regime on growth performance,meat quality and serum biochemical indices of finishing pigs in cold season

作　　者：郭晓宇 张营 GUO Xiaoyu;ZHANG Ying(Jilin Engineering Vocational College,Siping,Jilin Province 130001,China;Siping Administration for Market Regulation,Siping,Jilin Province 130001,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林工程职业学院,吉林四平130001 [2]四平市市场监督管理局,吉林四平130001

出　　处：《中国饲料》2022年第4期13-16,共4页China Feed

摘　　要：文章旨在评估寒冷季节延长光照时间对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响。试验将15周龄、平均体重为(54.26±0.17)kg的352头三元商品肥猪随机分为2组,每组176头,每组8个重复。整个试验期间(15~24 w),外界环境温度为-10℃~-5℃,对照组采用常规光照模式(光照12 h,黑暗12 h),处理组采用延长光照模型(光照16 h,黑暗8 h)。结果:与对照组相比,延长光照时间显著提高了24 w体重、20~24 w和15~24 w平均日增重和饲料效率。此外,处理组20~24 w育肥猪采食量较对照组显著提高2.09%(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,处理组肌肉滴水损失、背膘厚度和粗脂肪含量分别显著提高41.18%、44.44%和17.73%(P<0.05)。处理组育肥猪血清葡萄糖和胆固醇浓度较对照组显著降低17.57%和20.29%(P<0.05),但血清载脂蛋白E、褪黑激素、胰岛素和瘦素浓度分别显著提高48.85%、182.61%、79.56%和39.23%(P<0.05)。结论:将冬季育肥猪的光照时间从12 h延长至16 h可显著提高生长后期的采食量和日增重,同时可通过提高脂代谢相关激素水平来提高肌肉脂肪的沉积,但对大部分肉品质指标无负面影响。This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of prolonged light duration in cold season on growth performance,meat quality and serum biochemical indices of finishing pigs.A total of 35215-week-old commercial pigs with an average body weight of(54.26±0.17)kg were randomly divided into 2 groups with 176 pigs per group and 8 replicates per group.During the whole experiment period(15~24 W),the ambient temperature was-10~-5℃.The control group adopted the conventional light mode(light for 12 h,dark for 12 h),and the treatment group adopted the extended light model(light for 16 h,dark for 8 h).Results:Compared with the control group,prolonged light duration significantly increased body weight at 24 w,average daily gain at 20~24 W and feed efficiency at 15~24 W.In addition,the feed intake of finishing pigs in treatment group from 20~24 w was significantly increased by 2.09%compared with control group(P<0.05).Compared with control group,muscle drip loss,backfat thickness and crude fat content in treatment group were significantly increased by 41.18%,44.44%and 17.73%,respectively(P<0.05).Compared with control group,serum glucose and cholesterol concentrations in treatment group were significantly decreased by 17.57%and 20.29%(P<0.05),but serum apo E,melatonin,insulin and leptin concentrations were significantly increased by 48.85%,182.61%,79.56%and 39.23%(P<0.05),respectively.Conclusion:Prolonged light exposure from 12 h~16 h in winter can significantly increase feed intake and daily gain at late growth stage,and increase muscle fat deposition by increasing lipid metabolism-related hormone levels,but has no negative effect on most meat quality indexes.

关 键 词：光照制度 育肥猪 生长性能 肉品质 血清生化 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]