舜皇山母猪与长×大二元杂母猪肠道微生物多样性的比较分析  

Comparison of Gut Microbiota Diversity Between Shunhuangshan Sows and Landrace-Yorkshire Binary Sows

作　　者：陈丹 尹业师 李百元 陈华海 胡云霏 CHEN Dan;YIN Ye-shi;LI Bai-yuan;CHEN Hua-hai;HU Yun-fei(College of Chemistry and Bioengineering,Hunan University of Science and Engineering,Yongzhou 425199,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技学院化学与生物工程学院,中国湖南永州425199

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2022年第1期76-83,共8页Life Science Research

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究一般项目(20C0855);湖南科技学院校级一般项目(19XKY059);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2020JJ2016,2021JJ40220);广东省海洋药物重点实验室开放项目(LMM2020-1)。

摘　　要：为了解舜皇山母猪耐粗饲与抗病等方面的特性与其肠道微生物组成的关系,运用16S rDNA高通量测序技术分析同一养殖场舜皇山母猪和长×大二元杂母猪肠道微生物的组成和多样性。结果发现:舜皇山母猪的肠道微生物多样性高于长×大二元杂母猪。两种品系猪肠道微生物均以厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、螺旋体门为主,其在舜皇山母猪和长×大二元杂母猪肠道中的总丰度分别为92.86%和94.05%。在属水平上,两种品系猪肠道微生物均以Muribaculaceae、普雷沃氏菌科、产粪甾醇真细菌、瘤胃球菌科、密螺旋体属、Christensenellaceae等为主,但它们的相对丰度存在较明显的差异;另外,毛螺菌科和链球菌属细菌在舜皇山土猪肠道中的含量显著高于长×大二元杂母猪。Lefse分析显示:长×大二元杂母猪肠道微生物中差异显著的物种有15种;舜皇山母猪有28种,其中10种属于毛螺菌科,推测毛螺菌科在舜皇山母猪的抗病能力以及耐粗饲方面具有重要作用。此外,舜皇山母猪肠道中含有稀有细菌,如红杆菌,它们可能存在潜在的研究价值。In order to understand the relationship between the characteristics of tolerance to crude feeding and resistance to diseases and intestinal microbial composition in Shunhuangshan Sows, high-throughput16 S rDNA sequencing was used to analyze the composition and diversity of gut microbiota in Shunhuang-shan sows and Landrace-Yorkshire binary sows at the same farm. The results indicated that the species abundance and structure complexity of gut microbiota in Shunhuangshan sows were higher than those in LandraceYorkshire binary sows. Firmicutes, Bacteroides and Spirochaetes were dominant in both gut microflora, and the total abundances were 92.86% in Shunhuangshan sows and 94.05% in Landrace-Yorkshire binary sows.The dominant genera of gut microbiota were Muribaculaceae, Prevotellaceae, Eubacterium coprostanoligenes,Ruminococcaceae, Treponema and Christensenellaceae, while their relative abundances were found to vary greatly. The abundances of Lachnospiraceae and Streptococcus in the intestinal tract of Shunhuangshan sows were significantly higher than those in Landrace-Yorkshire binary sows. Lefse analysis found that there were15 species with significant difference in Landrace-Yorkshire binary sows and 28 species in Shunhuangshan sows, ten of which belong to Lachnospiraceae. It was speculated that Lachnospiraceae plays an important role in Shunhuangshan sows’ disease resistance and roughage tolerance. What’s more, rare species, such as some Rhodobacteraceae bacteria, exist in the intestinal tract of Shunhuangshan sows, which may have potential research value.

关 键 词：舜皇山母猪 长×大二元杂母猪 肠道微生物 高通量测序 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学] Q955