有限责任公司股权转让模式的争论及评述  

Disputes and Comments on the Equity Transfer Mode of Limited Liability Companies

作　　者：陈圣利 Chen Shengli(Research Center for Political and Legal Public Opinion Governance,Fujian Provincial Humanities and Social Science Base,Fuzhou,Fujian 350000)

机构地区：[1]福建省人文社科基地政法舆情治理研究中心,福建福州350000

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2022年第2期85-93,共9页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2018年教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“股权转让中合同效力与权利变动之区分研究”(项目编号:18YJC820006)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：有限责任公司股权转让模式,存在形式主义、公司意思主义和当事人意思主义之争。争论的焦点有二:一是股权转让是否以外观公示为生效要件;二是股权转让是否以公司认可为生效要件。《九民会议纪要》采纳了股东名册登记生效说,此即形式主义观点之一。形式主义和公司意思主义,均超越了现行《公司法》相关规定的文义射程。当事人意思主义契合股权性质,符合比较法解释,切合中国法现况,故而更为可取。当事人意思主义的核心内容是,除法律和公司章程另有规定以外,有限责任公司的股权归属变动一般以当事人的让与合意为准,出资证明书的交付并非股权转让的要件,股东名册的修改是对抗公司的要件,工商登记的变更是对抗公司外部第三人的要件。Concerning the mode of equity transfer of limited liability companies,there are disputes over formalism,corporate autonomy of the will,and parties’autonomy of the will.The focus of the debate is two:first,whether the transfer of equity is subject to the appearance of publicity;and second,whether the transfer of equity is subject to the company’s approval.Minutes of the Ninth National Civil and Commercial Trial Work Conference adopted shareholder registerism,which is one of the formalist views.Both formalism and corporate autonomy of the will are inconsistent with the relevant provisions of the current Company Law.Parties’autonomy of the will is in line with the nature of the equity,the interpretation of comparative law,and the actual situation of Chinese law,so it is more preferable.The core views of Parties’autonomy of the will have four points:firstly,unless otherwise provided by law and company policy,the equity transfer in a limited liability company is generally subject to the consent of the parties;secondly,the delivery of the capital contribution certificate is not a requirement for equity transfer;thirdly,the amendment to the register of shareholders is a requirement against the company;fourthly,the change of industrial and commercial registration is a requirement against third parties outside the company.

关 键 词：有限责任公司 股权转让模式 形式主义 公司意思主义 当事人意思主义 

分 类 号：D922.22[政治法律—经济法学]