论审理者裁判与司法统一的张力及其消解  

On the Tension and Its Dissolve of Judge’s Judgment and Judicial Unity

作　　者：许少波[1] 张昂 Xu Shaobo;Zhang Ang(School of Law,Huaqiao University,Quanzhou,Fujian 362021)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学法学院,福建泉州362021

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2022年第2期106-113,共8页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2019年最高人民法院司法研究重大课题“深化人民法院诉讼服务改革研究”(项目编号:ZGFYZDKT201905-02);2016年福建省社科基金特别委托项目“民事诉讼以庭审为中心研究”(项目编号:FJ2016TWF005)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：审理者裁判和司法统一在近年来的司法实践中呈现出紧张关系,这呈现为当下中国促进审理者裁判的司法改革和以司法统一为导向的法律制度在一定程度上相互冲突。审判权力与责任的失衡、司法问责方式的行政化、法官职业群体素质仍待提升、“结果中心主义”的审判评价标准等原因共同导致了审理者裁判与司法统一之间的紧张关系。审理者裁判与司法统一在原则上应当是兼容的,因为二者都不是绝对化的。审理者裁判与司法负责之间存在权衡,司法克制与司法能动之间存在博弈,适度的审理者裁判与适度的司法统一可以在不损害对方核心要素的情况下建立起来。消解审理者裁判与司法统一之间的紧张关系需要全面落实司法责任制、建立外部问责机制、实施温和能动的司法政策、建立“过程与结果双重导向”的法官绩效考核制度。Judge’s judgment and judicial unity have shown tension in recent years of judicial practice,which displays the conflict between the judicial reforms of judge’s judgment and judicial unity-oriented legal systems to a certain extent in current China.The problems such as the imbalance of trial power and responsibility,the administrative mode of judicial accountability,the quality of judges’professional groups still to be improved,and the“outcome-centric”judge evaluation standard etc.have all caused the tension between judge’s judgment and judicial unity.The judge’s judgment and judicial unity should be compatible in principle,because neither is absolute.There is a trade-off between the judge’s judgment and judicial responsibility,and there is a game between judicial restraint and judicial initiative.Appropriate jude’s judgment and moderate judicial unity can be established without damaging the core elements of the other side.To dissolve the tension between judge’s judgement and judicial unity,it is necessary to fully implement the judicial responsibility system,establish an external accountability mechanism,execute a moderate and active judicial policy,and construct a“both-process-and-result-oriented”judge performance appraisal system.

关 键 词：审理者裁判 司法统一 司法责任 司法能动 法官豁免 

分 类 号：D926.2[政治法律—法学]