多菌灵降解菌的构建及对烟叶残留降解效果评价  

Construction of Carbendazim Degrading Bacteria and Evaluation of Its Residue Degradation Effect in Tobacco Leaves

作　　者：陈芊如 余佳敏 胡希好 苟春苗 丁蓬勃 荆常亮 杨英杰 李斌 李义强[1] CHEN Qianru;YU Jiamin;HU Xihao;GOU Chunmiao;DING Pengbo;JING Changliang;YANG Yingjie;LI Bin;LI Yiqiang(Tobacco Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China;Sichuan Institute of Tobacco Science,Chengdu 610000,China;Shandong Qingdao Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,266000,China;Sichuan Tobacco Redrying Co.,Ltd,Chengdu 610096,China;China National Tobacco Corporation Sichuan Province Company,Chengdu 610096,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,青岛266101 [2]四川省烟草科学研究所,成都610000 [3]山东青岛烟草有限公司,青岛266000 [4]四川烟叶复烤有限责任公司,成都610096 [5]中国烟草总公司四川省公司,成都610096

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2022年第1期69-74,共6页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：中国烟草总公司四川省公司科技项目(YC201907);山东青岛烟草有限公司科技项目(QDYC2021-11)。

摘　　要：为控制烟叶中多菌灵农药残留,利用降解酶基因质粒载体克隆技术,合成构建了对多菌灵具有较好降解效果的菌株MBC2019,并进一步筛选优化了其发酵条件和最佳浓度,研究了降解菌在烟叶种植、烘烤和打叶复烤阶段对烟叶多菌灵农药残留降解的效果。结果表明,降解菌的最佳培养温度为28℃,最适培养pH为7.0,最优接种浓度为3.00%。种植阶段,喷施多菌灵和降解菌后3~7 d,未喷施降解菌烟叶中农药残留降解速度快于降解菌处理,14 d后降解菌的促进效果开始显现,未使用降解菌的降解率为96.55%,使用降解菌的降解率提高到99.58%;在烘烤和打叶复烤阶段,未使用降解菌的烟叶中多菌灵降解较慢,120 h降解率为8.07%和8.05%,喷施降解菌后,同期降解率分别达到77.97%和45.08%。因此该降解菌可用于烟叶种植,特别是烘烤和打叶复烤等阶段的多菌灵农药残留降解,具有良好的应用前景。In order to control carbendazim pesticide residues in tobacco leaves,the strain MBC2019 with good degradation effect on carbendazim was synthesized and constructed by using the cloning technology of degradation enzyme gene plasmid vector.The fermentation conditions and optimal concentration were screened and optimized,and the degradation effects of carbendazim pesticide residues in tobacco leaves during planting and curing and redrying were evaluated.The results were as follows:the degradation bacteria was successfully synthesized and constructed,the optimal culture temperature was 28℃and pH was 7.0,and the best inoculation concentration was 3.00%.In the field conditions,the pesticide residues in tobacco leaves were degraded rapidly due to photolysis,growth dilution,microbial degradation and other factors in 3-7 days.The degradation-promoting effect of degrading bacteria began to appear 14 days later.At this point,the degradation rates were 96.55%without application and 99.58%with application in tobacco leaves.During curing and redrying stages,the carbendazim degradation rates were 8.07%and 8.05%without application,differing from the degradation rates of 77.97%and 45.08%with application at 120 h.The degradation bacteria could be used to degrade carbendazim residues in tobacco leaves at different stages,especially at the curing and redrying stages,which showed a good application prospect.

关 键 词：多菌灵 农药残留 烟叶种植 烘烤 打叶复烤 微生物降解 

分 类 号：TS414[农业科学—烟草工业] S481.8