饲粮蛋氨酸水平对高密度饲养肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化及抗应激能力的影响  

Effects of Dietary Methionine on Growth Performance,Antioxidant Capacity and Stress Tolerance of Broilers Under High-density Feeding

作　　者：伍源 秦鑫 董元洋 韩苗苗 苗志强[1] 魏清宇 宋献艺 申李琰 冯焱[2] 李慧锋[2] 李建慧[1] WU Yuan;QIN Xin;DONG Yuanyang;HAN Miaomiao;MIAO Zhiqiang;WEI Qingyu;SONG Xianyi;SHEN Liyan;FENG Yan;LI Huifeng;LI Jianghui(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;College of Life Sciences,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科学学院,太谷030801 [2]山西农业大学生命科学学院,太谷030801

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2022年第3期913-923,共11页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：山西农业大学青年拔尖创新人才项目(BJRC201603);山西省畜牧学“1331工程”重点学科建设专项;山西省教育厅高校科技创新项目(2019L0359)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨饲粮蛋氨酸对肉鸡高密度饲养下生长性能、抗氧化和应激反应的影响。【方法】选取1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡396只,1~21日龄统一饲喂,于21日龄末选取体重相近的肉鸡随机分为5个处理,每个处理6个重复。对照组肉鸡饲养密度为14只/m2,蛋氨酸水平为0.40%;4个试验组肉鸡饲养密度为20只/m2,饲粮蛋氨酸水平分别为0.35%、0.40%、0.45%和0.50%。试验期21 d,于42日龄采集血浆、肝脏样品,测定应激和抗氧化能力相关指标。【结果】①与正常密度组相比,高密度饲养显著降低了42日龄肉鸡体重(BW)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和平均日增重(ADG)(P<0.05),显著提高了肉鸡死亡率(P<0.05)。在高密度饲养情况下:料重比在蛋氨酸水平为0.35%时最高,随着日粮蛋氨酸水平的上升呈线性下降(P<0.05);与蛋氨酸水平0.35%组相比,0.45%和0.50%蛋氨酸组肉鸡死亡率显著降低(P<0.05)。②与正常密度组相比,高密度饲养组的血浆总抗氧化力(T-AOC)显著降低(P<0.05),而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、蛋白质羰基(PCO)水平显著上升(P<0.05)。在高密度饲养情况下,血浆PCO水平随着日粮蛋氨酸水平上升呈线性降低(P<0.05)。③与正常密度组相比,高密度饲养显著降低了总蛋白(TP)浓度(P<0.05),提高了谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性(P<0.05)。在高密度饲养情况下,0.50%蛋氨酸水平组血浆TP水平、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著高于0.35%和0.40%蛋氨酸组(P<0.05);0.35%蛋氨酸组的血浆肌酸激酶(CK)活性显著低于其他组(P<0.05),0.40%和0.45%蛋氨酸组ALT活性显著低于0.35%组(P<0.05)。④与正常密度组相比,高密度饲养显著提高了肝脏中热休克蛋白(HSP70)基因相对表达量(P<0.05)。在高密度饲养情况下,0.35%和0.50%蛋氨酸水平组的HSP70显著高于0.45%水平组(P<0.05)。与正常饲养密度组相比,0.35%和0.50%蛋氨酸组HMG-CoA还原酶(HMGCR)基因相对表达量显著上升(P<0.05)。【结论】饲养密度与蛋�【Objective】The purpose of this experiment was to explore the effects of dietary methionine on performance,antioxidant and stress responses of broilers under high-stocking density.【Method】3961-day-old AA broilers were selected and fed uniformly at the age of 1-21 days.At the end of 21 days,broilers with similar body weights were selected and divided into 5 groups,with 6 replicates in each group.The feeding density of broilers in control group was 14 birds/m2,and the methionine level was 0.40%;the test groups were set at 20 birds/m2 stocking density,with methionine level at 0.35%,0.40%,0.45%and 0.50%in the diet,respectively.At the end of the experiment(42 d),blood and liver samples were collected to measure the stress level and antioxidant capacity.【Result】①Compared with normal-density feeding group,high-density rearing significantly reduced the final body weight,average daily feed intake and the average daily body weight gain of broilers during 22-42 days(P<0.05),and significantly increased broiler mortality rate(P<0.05).In the case of high-density feeding,the weight gain ratio of feed consumption was the highest when the methionine level was 0.35%,and it decreased linearly with the increase of the methionine level of the diet(P<0.05).The mortality rate could be reduced by 0.45%and 0.50%methionine diets,compared with 0.35%methionine level(P<0.05).②Compared with normal-density feeding group,T-AOC of high-density feeding group was significantly reduced(P<0.05),while SOD activity and PCO level were significantly increased(P<0.05).In high-density feeding groups,blood PCO level was significantly decreased as methionine level was increasing(P<0.05).③Compared with normal-density feeding group,high-density rearing significantly reduced TP concentration(P<0.05)and increased ALT activity(P<0.05)in plasma.In the case of high-density feeding,the plasma TP concentration and AST activity was significantly higher at 0.50%methionine level than that of the 0.35%and 0.40%methionine groups(P<0.05).The ALT activitie

关 键 词：蛋氨酸 饲养密度 肉鸡 生长性能 抗氧化 抗应激 

分 类 号：S815.5[农业科学—畜牧学]