复合微生态制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫机能及盲肠菌群结构的影响  

Effects of Compound Microecological Preparation on Growth Performance,Immune Function and Caecal Flora Structure of Weaned Piglets

作　　者：白培钿 孔佳美 裴婷 程志学[1] 任玉红[1] BAI Peitian;KONG Jiamei;PEI Ting;CHENG Zhixue;REN Yuhong(College of Veterinary Medicine,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物医学学院,太谷030801

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2022年第3期942-952,共11页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D221009-4)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨复合微生态制剂在断奶仔猪饲料中的添加比例及其替代抗生素后对仔猪的影响。【方法】选取80头日龄(28 d±2 d)、体重(9.31 kg±0.52 kg)接近,健康状况良好的三元杂交断奶仔猪(杜×长×大),随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复4头仔猪(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮;低、中、高剂量复合微生态制剂组(LOW、MED和HIG)分别在基础饲粮中添加0.1%、0.2%、0.3%复合微生态制剂(活菌数分别为1×1011、2×1011、3×1011 CFU/kg);抗生素组(ANT)在基础饲粮中添加75 mg/kg金霉素。试验期为28 d。记录试验仔猪初始体重、终末体重、腹泻及采食情况。试验第28天采集仔猪前腔静脉血,测定血清生化指标和免疫指标;采集盲肠内容物,利用16S rRNA测序技术分析肠道菌群变化。【结果】与对照组相比,①MED组的平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)均显著上升(P<0.05),且与ANT组没有显著差异(P>0.05);MED和HIG组的料重比(F/G)均显著降低(P<0.05),且与ANT组没有显著差异(P>0.05);LOW和MED组的腹泻率均显著降低(P<0.05)且与ANT组没有显著差异(P>0.05)。②MED和HIG组仔猪胸腺指数及MED组脾脏指数均显著上升(P<0.05)。MED组胸腺指数和脾脏指数均显著高于ANT组(P<0.05)。③LOW、MED和HIG组血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量显著上升(P<0.05),MED和ANT组的白蛋白(ALB)含量显著上升(P<0.05),LOW、MED和ANT组的天门冬氨基酸转移酶(AST)活性均显著降低(P<0.05)。④LOW和MED组血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著升高(P<0.05);MED和ANT组血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)和免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量均显著升高(P<0.05),且与ANT组没有显著差异(P>0.05)。⑤LOW、MED和ANT组仔猪盲肠菌群厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),LOW和ANT组普雷沃氏菌属_1(Prevotella_1)相对丰度显著下降(P<0.05);HIG和ANT组变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度显著下降(P<0.05);LOW、MED、HIG和ANT组理研菌科(Rikenellac【Objective】The purpose of this study was to explore the proportion of compound microecological preparation in piglet feed and the effect on piglets after replacing antibiotics.【Method】A total of 80 healthy weaned piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire,weaned at(28±2)days,weighted(9.31±0.52)kg)were randomly divided into five groups,4 replicates per group and 4 piglets per replicates(half male and half female),respectively.The diet in control group was basal diet.The diet in low dose group(LOW)was basal diet supplemented with 0.1%compound microecological preparation(1×1011 CFU/kg).The diet in medium dose group(MED)was basal diet supplemented with 0.2%compound microecological preparation(2×1011 CFU/kg).The diet in high dose group(HIG)was basal diet supplemented with 0.3%compound microecological preparation(3×1011 CFU/kg).The diet in antibiotic group(ANT)was basal diet supplemented with 75 mg/kg chlortetracycline.The experiment was lasted for 28 days.The initial and final body weights,diarrhea of piglets,and feed intake of repeats were accurately recorded.Blood samples were collected on 28 days for the measurement of serum immune parameters and biochemical indices.The contents of cecum were collected,and the changes of intestinal microbiota were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.【Result】Compared with control group,①The average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)of MED group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between MED and ANT groups(P>0.05).The feed/gain ratio(F/G)of MED and HIG groups were decreased significantly(P<0.05),and had no significant difference compared to ANT group(P>0.05).The diarrhea rate of piglets decreased significantly in LOW and MED groups(P<0.05),and had no significant difference compared to ANT group(P>0.05).②Thymus index of MED and HIG groups,and spleen index of MED group were significantly increased(P<0.05).The thymus and spleen index of MED group were significantly higher than ANT group(P<0.05).③The high-density lipopr

关 键 词：断奶仔猪 微生态制剂 生长性能 免疫机能 菌群结构 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]