甜高粱EMS诱变获得新种质的研究  

EMS Mutagenesis of Sweet Sorghum to Create New Germplasm

作　　者：王炜[1] 陈琛[1] 葛玉彬[2] 罗俊杰[1] 叶春雷[1] WANG Wei;CHEN Chen;GE Yubin;LUO Junjie;YE Chunlei(Bio-technology Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070;Crop Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院生物技术研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《核农学报》2022年第1期7-13,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省农科院生物技术育种专项(2019GAAS07);甘肃省农科院科技支撑计划项目(2017GAAS44);甘肃省农科院院地合作项目(2017GAAS59);甘肃省农业生物技术研究与应用开发项目(GNSW-2015-20)。

摘　　要：为创制甜高粱新种质,本研究以甜高粱自交系甜94为供试材料,以甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)为诱变剂,采用种子浸泡法进行诱变,并调查了株高、生育期、茎粗等性状。结果表明,以半致死率为筛选标准,适宜诱变的EMS浓度和时间为0.20%和16 h;通过对诱变后代的逐代表型进行观察、鉴定和筛选,在M;代共获得18份在生育期、株高、含糖量等性状方面与对照具有明显差异的甜高粱种质材料,其中早熟材料2份、高含糖量材料4份、矮秆材料6份、白粒材料3份、散穗材料3份;分别选取5种变异性状的材料进行品质检测,结果表明,性状变异材料中糖、水分和粗脂肪含量均超过对照。本研究结果可为甜高粱遗传改良和功能基因研究提供新种质和基础材料,同时为甜高粱EMS诱变育种研究提供参考。In order to create and develop new sweet sorghum germplasms,sweet sorghum inbred line Tian 94 was used as donor material,and the seeds were mutated with ethyl methyl sulfonate(EMS)by soaking.The results showed that with the semi-lethality rate as the selection criterion,the optimized concentration and time of EMS treatment was 0.20%/16 h;18 materials were obtained in M5 generation by observation,identification and screening generation after generation,which were obviously different from the control in these traits such as growth period,plant height,sugar content,and so on.Among the 18 germplasms,there were 2 early maturing materials,4 materials having high sugar content,6 dwarf materials,3 materials showing white grain,and 3 materials showed scattered panicle;These five type mutants were selected for,results showed that the sugar,moisture and crude fat content of these materials were all higher than those of the control.The results of this study provide new germplasms and basic materials for the genetic improvement and functional gene research of sweet sorghum,and also provide reference for mutation breeding of sweet sorghum with EMS.

关 键 词：甜高粱 甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS) 诱变 新种质 

分 类 号：S566.5[农业科学—作物学]