外源添加镰刀菌和木霉菌对农田栽参土壤真菌群落的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Fusarium oxysporum and Trichoderma viride on Soil Fungal Community of Panax ginseng

作　　者：方晶 翁丽丽[1] 肖春萍 李翟 杨雪晴 FANG Jing;WENG Li-li;XIAO Chun-ping;LI Di;YANG Xue-qing(School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130117,China)

机构地区：[1]长春中医药大学药学院,长春130117

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2022年第6期114-123,共10页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(81803649);吉林省科技厅科技项目(20191102035YY)。

摘　　要：目的:探究外源添加镰刀菌和木霉菌对农田栽参土壤真菌群落多样性和碳代谢功能多样性的影响。方法:通过Illumina HiSeq 2500高通量测序和Biolog-ECO联用技术,分析不同处理农田栽参土壤真菌群落物种多样性和功能多样性。结果:高通量测序结果显示,添加外源微生物后,农田栽参土壤的微生物数量和种类显著改变,相对丰度>1%土壤真菌类型分别为被孢霉属(Mortierella sp.)、镰刀菌属(Fusarium sp.)、腐质霉属(Humicola sp.)和拟青霉属(Simplicillium sp.)真菌,其中各处理组被孢霉属均显著升高;外源添加镰刀菌可引起腐质霉属和拟青霉属等真菌增加,添加高浓度木霉菌能显著抑制镰刀菌的生长;由Biolog和主成分分析可知,外源添加高浓度木霉菌组的平均颜色变化率(AWCD)显著高于对照组和镰刀菌低浓度组,且对氨基酸、羧酸、多聚物及胺类的利用能力增强,而外源添加高浓度镰刀菌组(LG)土壤微生物代谢活性降低,且两者土壤微生物对酚酸类碳源的利用程度均无显著提高。结论:外源添加镰刀菌协同引起其他致病真菌的生长繁殖,外源添加木霉菌有利于增强农田栽参土壤真菌群落结构和代谢多样性,抑制镰刀菌增殖,改善农田栽参土壤微生物环境。Objective: To investigate the effects of exogenous Fusarium oxysporum and Trichoderma viride on the diversity of soil fungal community and carbon metabolic function of cultivated Panax ginseng.Method: Illumina HiSeq 2500 high-throughput sequencing combined with Biolog-ECO was used to analyze the species diversity and functional diversity of soil fungal communities in P. ginseng soil under different exogenous treatments. Result: The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the number and species of microorganisms in the soil were significantly changed after exogenous microorganisms were added. The soil fungi with relative abundance greater than 1% included Mortierella sp.,Fusarium sp.,Humicola sp.,and Simplicillium sp. Mortierella sp. in each treatment group significantly increased. Humicola sp. and Simplicillium sp. could be induced to increase by exogenous addition of F. oxysporum,while T. viride at a high concentration could significantly inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum. As revealed by Biolog and principal component analysis(PCA),the average well color development(AWCD)in the high-dose T. viride group(MG)was significantly higher than that in the control group(QS)and the low-dose F. oxysporum group(LD). The utilization abilities for amino acids,carboxylic acids,polymers, and amines were enhanced in the MG group,but the microbial metabolic activity was reduced in the high-dose F. oxysporum group(LG). There was no significant increase in the utilization of phenolic acids by soil microorganisms in both groups. Conclusion: Exogenous addition of F. oxysporum can lead to the growth and reproduction of other pathogenic fungi. Exogenous addition of T. viride can enhance the soil fungal community structure and metabolic diversity,inhibit the proliferation of F. oxysporum,and improve the soil microbial environment of cultivated P. ginseng.

关 键 词：人参 农田栽参 根际土壤 高通量测序 Biolog-ECO 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学] R289[医药卫生—中医学]