基于环境因子与化学成分关联的辽产道地药材龙胆分布适宜性分析及区划研究  

Distribution Suitability and Zoning of Authentic Medicinal Material Gentiana scabra Bge.in Liaoning Province Based on Environmental Factors and Chemical Components

作　　者：陈吉祥 尹海波[1] 王丹[1] 贾丁丁 贾春雷 程世赞 CHEN Ji-xiang;YIN Hai-bo;WANG Dan;JIA Ding-ding;JIA Chun-lei;CHENG Shi-zan(School of Pharmacy,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Dalian 116000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学药学院,辽宁大连116000

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2022年第2期229-235,共7页Modern Chinese Medicine

基　　金：辽宁省科学技术基金项目(20180550894);中医药公共卫生服务补助专项(财社[2018] 43号);科技特派行动专项计划项目(2020JH5/10400122);辽宁省高等学校创新人才支持计划项目(LR2020079)。

摘　　要：目的:通过多种方法开展龙胆适宜性分析和品质区划研究,综合确定其适宜产区及环境因子范围。方法:基于最大熵(MaxEnt)模型和ArcGIS软件进行分布适宜性分析,将SPSS软件分析主成分得分作为衡量龙胆综合质量的指标之一,结合冗余分析法(RDA)深入分析有效成分、样地和环境因子三者或两两之间的关系。结果:龙胆在辽宁省的分布概率以辽东最高,面积占整个辽宁省分布的90%以上。通过分析环境因子响应曲线发现,辽宁省龙胆适宜分布在海拔较低、气候较湿润、秋冬季温度较低的温带季风和温带海洋性气候地区;最适土壤质地为粉沙壤土、壤土;最适土壤类型为黑土、石灰性黑土铁质淋溶土。RDA分析可知,獐牙菜苷与经度呈正相关,獐牙菜苦苷与经度、坡度、海拔、年均降水量呈正相关;龙胆苦苷与经度、坡度、海拔、年均降水量呈正相关;龙胆碱与经度、坡度、海拔、年均降水量呈正相关;龙胆多糖与日照时数、年均温呈正相关。主成分得分与经度、坡度、海拔、年均降水量呈正相关,与日照时数和年均温呈负相关,与经度相关性最大。结论:基于RDA得出有效成分、环境因子、样地之间的关系,可规划最优产区,引导农户合理选址种植,避免盲目引种造成的资源浪费,对龙胆总体质量的提高提供一定的依据。Objective:To study the suitability and quality zoning of Gentiana scabra Bge.by various methods,and comprehensively determine its suitable production areas and the range of environmental factors.Method:The distribution suitability was analyzed based on MaxEnt and ArcGIS.The principal component score obtained by SPSS was used as one of the index components to measure the comprehensive quality of G.scabra,and combined with redundancy analysis(RDA),the relationship between effective components,sample plots and environmental factors or any two of them was explored.Results:The distribution probability of G.scabra in eastern Liaoning Province was the highest,accounting for more than90% of the total area of the province.The response curve of environmental factors revealed that G.scabra in Liaoning Province was suitable for distribution in temperate monsoon and temperate marine climate areas with low altitude,humidity and low temperature in autumn and winter,and the most suitable soil texture and types were silty loam and loam,and black soil,calcareous black soil and ferric luvisol,respectively.RDA showed that sweroside was positively correlated with longitude,and swertiamarin,gentiopicroside and gentianine were positively with longitude,slope,altitude and average annual precipitation.Additionally,gentian polysaccharide had a positive correlation with sunshine duration and annual average temperature,and the principal component score was positively associated with longitude,slope,altitude and average annual precipitation but negatively with sunshine duration and annual average temperature,with the greatest correlation with longitude.Conclusion:By RDA,the relationship between effective components,environmental factors and sample plots was obtained,which could be used to plan the optimal production areas and guide farmers in choosing reasonable sites for planting.This avoided resource waste caused by blind introduction of species,and provided reference for improving the overall quality of G.scabra.

关 键 词：辽宁省 龙胆 ArcGIS软件 最大熵模型 冗余分析法 环境因子 品质区划 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]