基于田野调查的我国撒拉族民族民间医药发掘整理研究方法初探  

A Preliminary Study of Folk Medicine of Salar Ethnic Minority in China via Fieldwork

作　　者：更藏加 尕藏措 三智加[4] 扎西东主[4] 周则[4] 普毛措 和慧莲 斯那白珍 GENG Zang-jia;GA Zang-cuo;SAN Zhi-jia;ZHAXI Dong-zhu;ZHOU Ze;PU Mao-cuo;HE Hui-lian;SINA Bai-zhen(College of Pharmacy,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;School of Ethnic Medicine,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,China;Qinghai Tibetan Hospital,Xining 810007,China;Tibetan Medical College,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学药学院,四川成都610041 [2]成都中医药大学民族医药学院,四川成都611137 [3]青海省藏医院,青海西宁810007 [4]青海大学藏医学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2022年第2期383-386,共4页Modern Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1703901)。

摘　　要：民族医药发掘整理是民族医药的继承、保护和发扬的重要基石。重点探讨在本课题组对我国撒拉族民间民族医药抢救性发掘整理的过程中所体现的思路和方法。基于前期调查寻访等工作基础,结合人类学、民族学、社会学等多学科交叉分析的研究方法,从撒拉族的生存环境、生存意识、生存文化及生存发展等多层面、多维度进行分析,对人口较少的撒拉族民间民族医药进行发掘整理研究,总结出撒拉族民间民族医药调查工作的方法与经验。首先,在坚持从民族医药的科学研究角度去发掘整理撒拉族民间民族医药时,要注重尊重受访者隐私及宗教习俗。其次,在进行调查研究之前,一定要深入了解撒拉族人民的人生观和价值观,理清撒拉族民间民族医药在当地的社会地位和作用。再次,对于濒临失传且具广泛应用前景的诊疗技术、方剂、炮制方法等内容,应认真考量该民族医药知识产权的背景,并科学疏导民间持有人对民族医药的保护意识。The exploration and collection is a cornerstone for the inheritance,protection,and development of ethnic medicine.This paper mainly discussed the ideas and methods embodied in the exploration and collection during the rescue of the folk medicine of Salar ethnic minority in China.On the basis of previous investigation work,we employed the research methods of anthropology,ethnology,and sociology to excavate and collect the folk medicine of Salar ethnic minority,considering the people’s living environment,consciousness,culture,and development.We then summarized the methods and experience during the investigation of the folk medicine of Salar ethnic minority.First of all,we should respect the privacy and religious customs of interviewees when exploring and collecting such medicine.Secondly,before the investigation,we should have a deep understanding of the Salar ethnic minority people’s outlook on life and sense of value,and clarify the social status and role of the folk medicine in the local society.Thirdly,for the protection of the diagnosis and treatment technologies,prescriptions,and processing methods that are on the verge of being lost and have broad application prospects,the background knowledge of the intellectual property rights of the ethnic medicine should be carefully considered,and the protection awareness of the folk holders of ethnic medicine should be scientifically educated.The above ideas and methods can be used as reference for studying the folk medicine of Salar ethnic minority.

关 键 词：田野调查 撒拉族 民族医药 发掘整理 研究方法 

分 类 号：R29[医药卫生—民族医学]