英国对南海“航行自由”问题的立场:认知、影响与中国的应对  

UK’s Position on the“Freedom of Navigation”in the South China Sea:Perception,Impacts and China’s Response

作　　者：胡杰[1] HU Jie(Wuhan University,Wuhan,430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中国边界与海洋研究院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《太平洋学报》2022年第2期40-50,共11页Pacific Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“权力变迁视域下美英对二战后世界海洋秩序的塑造研究”(20BGJ046)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：英国对南海“航行自由”问题的认知,主要体现在法理、政治和历史三个层面上。英国对这一问题的理解,顺应了其一贯对国际海洋法的原则主张和海洋利益诉求,它谋求利用该问题提升“脱欧”后在印太的影响力。同时,英国有意在南海“航行自由”问题上采取模糊表述,以便在中美之间保持平衡。英国支持“航行自由行动”在给中国的南海维权制造麻烦的同时,也将损害“全球英国”的前景和中英关系大局。对此,中国要坚持“预防为主、区别对待、多管齐下、软硬结合”的方针,从容加以应对。The UK inclines to identify the“freedom of navigation”issue in the South China Sea(SCS)from three dimensions,that is to say,international law,politics and history,conforming to the island coun⁃try’s consistent principled position on the international law of the sea and its demands for maritime inter⁃ests.The UK seeks to take the chance to boost her influences in the Indo⁃Pacific after Brexit.Meanwhile,the UK intends to adopt vague expressions on the“freedom of navigation”in the SCS so as to maintain a balance between China and the US,which definitely benefits its diplomacy.The UK’s support for FONOPs will not only cause troubles for China’s policy relating to the SCS,but also damage the prospect of“Global Britain”and overall interests of China⁃UK relations.In this regard,China should adhere to the principle of“putting prevention first,treating each other differently,taking a multi⁃pronged approach,and combining hard and soft approaches”,and handle Sino⁃British contradictions leisurely.

关 键 词：英国 南海 航行自由 全球英国 “印太战略” 

分 类 号：D815.5[政治法律—国际关系]