中小学生血吸虫病防治健康教育效果调查分析  

Analysis on the outcomes of health education in prevention of schistosomiasis among primary and secondary school students

作　　者：张娜 蒋鸿琳 林丹丹 任光辉[3] 刘阳[4] 郭浩 刘金明[6] 周金星[7] 许静[8] 李石柱[8] 姜庆五 周艺彪 ZHANG Na;JIANG Hong-lin;LIN Dan-dan;REN Guang-hui;LIU Yang;GUO Hao;LIU Jin-ming;ZHOU Jin-xing;XU Jing;LI Shi-zhu;JIANG Qing-wu;ZHOU Yi-biao(Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Fudan University,Tropical Disease Research Center,Joint Laboratory of Tropical Disease Epidemiology,Shanghai,20032,China;Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Disease Control;Hunan Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis Control;Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Schistosomiasis Control Office,Changjiang Water Resources Commission;Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Beijing Forestry University;National Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Joint Laboratory of Tropical Disease Epidemiology)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,热带病研究中心,热带病流行病学联合实验室,上海200032 [2]江西省寄生虫病防治研究所 [3]湖南省血吸虫病防治所 [4]四川省疾病预防控制中心 [5]长江水利委员会血防办 [6]中国农业科学院上海兽医研究所 [7]北京林业大学 [8]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,热带病流行病学联合实验室

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2022年第1期4-6,42,共4页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81673236)。

摘　　要：目的了解当前中小学生血吸虫病防治健康教育工作的实施效果,探讨存在的问题与挑战,为"十四五"期间血防健教工作提供参考。方法采用三阶段分层整群抽样的方法,在3个省抽取流行区中小学生作为调查对象,通过问卷调查统计中小学生血防知识得分情况,计算血防知识知晓率及行为正确率。结果共收集学生有效问卷586份,满分率为73.5%,不及格率为0.7%,平均分为96.4±8.0。学生血防知识知晓率为95.7%,血防行为正确率为98.2%;男、女生血防知识知晓率(95.2%vs. 96.3%)和行为正确率(97.5%vs. 98.9%)的差异均分别有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.973、8.101,P均<0.05);同时初中生、小学生血防知识知晓率(98.9%vs. 92.6%)和行为正确率(99.2%vs.97.1%)差异均分别有统计学意义(χ^(2)=199.451、18.443,P均<0.05)。结论中小学生血防健康教育效果明显,但不同性别和年级存在差距,今后应继续加强健康教育工作,不断提高流行区整体人群防护意识和行为。Objective To understand the effects of health education on schistosomiasis control in primary and secondary school students, and discuss the existing problems and challenges for scientific evidence in formulating health education measures during the 14th Five-Year Plan. Methods By stratified cluster sampling, we conducted the survey in three stages in the primary and secondary school students in endemic areas from 3 provinces. All participants received written questionnaire response for scoring on the knowledge and awareness of schistosomiasis prevention and control as well as the rate of correct behavior in schistosomiasis prevention. Results A total of 586 valid questionnaires were retrieved from the participants in this study. The full score rate was 73.5%, and failure rate 0.7%, with an average score of 96.4 ± 8.0. The awareness rate of knowledge and the correct rate of behavior related to schistosomiasis control were 95.7% and 98.2%, respectively. There were statistical differences between male and female students in awareness rate of knowledge(95.2% vs. 96.3%)and correct rate of behavior(97.5% vs. 98.9%)involved in schistosomiasis control(χ^(2)=6.973, 8.101;both P<0.05). In addition, the awareness rate of knowledge and correct rate of behavior were different between junior middle school students and primary school students(98.9% vs. 92.6%;99.2% vs. 97.1%;χ^(2)=199.451,18.443;both P<0.05). Conclusion Health education on schistosomiasis control has achieved profound effect on primary and secondary school students, yet the effect remains different between genders and students of different grades, for which health education should be sustained in the future in order to constantly improve the awareness of the population living in the endemic areas in prevention of schistosomiasis infection.

关 键 词：中小学生 血吸虫病 健康教育 效果评价 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学] R193[医药卫生—临床医学]