经济责任:范畴提炼及其构造  

Economic Liability:Category Refinement and Its Construction

作　　者：叶姗[1] Ye Shan(School of Law,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第1期118-127,共10页Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：经济法上的责任范畴,从来都是经济法规范论研究的焦点,聚讼纷纭、莫衷一是。经济法调整的是:国家和政府基于保护社会整体利益的需要,依法对市场进行宏观调控和微观规制而产生的社会关系。经济法制定法直接设定的一系列责任承担方式,可以提炼为“经济责任”的范畴,指向经济法主体因其角色承担有失妥当或义务履行存在瑕疵而应承担的避免不利后果发生或消除不利影响的新型法律责任,其承责基础是对社会整体利益可能或实际受损所应作出的有效预防和必要补救。具体而言,包括资格剥夺、经营限制、信用减等等角色责任,超额赔偿、税费滞纳金、财政垫付、财政补足等经济类行为责任,以及产品召回、没收不当利益、责令承担法律责任等校正类行为责任。The category of liability in economic law has always been the focus of the study of the normative theory of economic laws and regulations,but with widely-divided opinions.Economic law regulates the social relations arising from the macro-control and micro-regulation of the market in accordance with the laws by the state and the government on the basis of the need to protect the social general interest.A series of ways of bearing liability directly set by the economic law can be refined into the category of“economic liability”,pointing to the new legal liability that the subjects of economic law should bear to avoid adverse consequences or eliminate adverse effects due to improper role-bearing or defective liability performance,The basis of its liability-bearing is the effective precaution and necessary remedy for the possible or actual damage to the social general interest.Specifically speaking,it includes such role liabilities as qualification deprivation,business restriction and credit reduction,such economic action liabilities as excess compensation,tax overdue fine,financial advance and financial supplement,and such corrective action liabilities as product recall,confiscation of improper interest and ordering to bear legal liability.In the setting of“economic liability”,we should pay attention to the would-be damage that has not occurred but has a considerable probability of occurrence,and pay equal attention to the actual damage that has occurred but its impact scope extends beyond the individual victim to the whole society.Therefore,the violator should take the initiative and self-awareness to make necessary remedies for the consequences of the damage.In this sense,its institutional function lies in the effective prevention of the risk of the potential damage and the necessary remedy for the consequences of large-scale damage.Hence,the liability is reasonably distributed among the subjects of economic law,so as to eliminate the potential risk and avoid the further expansion of loss,regardless of whe

关 键 词：经济责任 责任承担方式 社会整体利益 预防补救功能 

分 类 号：D912.29[政治法律—民商法学]