江苏省常熟市2015—2019年新报告艾滋病病例的晚发现情况及其影响因素  

Late detection of newly reported AIDS cases and its influencing factors in Changshu City of Jiangsu Province from 2015 to 2019

作　　者：周春娟 ZHOU Chunjuan(Changshu City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changshu,Jiangsu 215500,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省常熟市疾控预防控制中心,江苏常熟215500

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2022年第2期130-133,共4页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：【目的】了解江苏省常熟市2015—2019年人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者和艾滋病患者(AIDS)新报告和晚发现情况,为艾滋病防治工作提供科学依据。【方法】通过"艾滋病综合防治信息系统"收集常熟市2015—2019年新报告HIV/AIDS病例,按照HIV/AIDS晚发现标准,采用现况调查的方法,核实调查报告晚发现病例的影响因素并进行相关流行病学分析。【结果】常熟市2015—2019年累计报告423例HIV/AIDS病例,年均发病率为4.33/10万,总体发病率未呈现下降趋势(χ^(2)=3.543,P=0.060)。男性发病率(7.35/10万)高于女性(0.93/10万),男性发病率有明显下降趋势(χ^(2)=6.264,P=0.012),女性发病率上升趋势不明显(χ^(2)=1.717,P=0.190)。年均HIV/AIDS病例报告晚发现率为23.88%(101/423),其中以2015年最高(33.68%),2017年最低(12.94%),呈先下降后上升的谷状分布,近5年HIV/AIDS病例报告晚发现率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.087,P=0.002)。报告晚发现患者中男性占比(89.11%)多于女性(10.89%);≥50岁人群占比最多(46.53%);本地户籍(58.42%)高于外地户籍(41.58%);初中文化者居多(36.63%),其次为小学(26.73%)和高中(21.78%);婚姻状况中已婚有配偶者占68.32%;职业居前3位的是农民(24.75%)、工人(24.75%)和商业服务(22.77%),其他职业占比均<10%;样本来源以其他疾病就诊检测者居多(36.63%),其次为检测咨询(29.70%)和术前检测(16.83%);无性病史者晚发现比例达77.23%,同性恋者(57.43%)高于异性恋者(42.57%)。【结论】常熟市近5年HIV/AIDS病例报告晚发现率呈先下降后上升趋势,今后要重点关注老年人、男男性行为人群(MSM)和青年学生等HIV感染高危人群,加大健康教育宣传力度,扩大HIV检测面,提高早发现能力,切实降低HIV传播风险。[Objective]To understand the late detection of new HIV/AIDS cases in Changshu City from 2015 to 2019,and to provide scientific basis for AIDS prevention and control.[Methods]The newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Changshu City from 2015 to 2019 were collected through the“information system for integrated prevention and treatment of AIDS”. According to the criteria for late detection of HIV/AIDS,the influencing factors of late detection of HIV/AIDS were verified and the relevant epidemiological analysis was carried out.[Results]A total of423 cases of HIV/AIDS were reported in Changshu City from 2015 to 2019,and the average incidence rate was 4.33/105. The overall incidence rate did not show a downward trend(χ^(2)=3.543,P=0.060). The incidence rate of males(7.35/105)was higher than that of females(0.93/105). The trend of incidence rate in males was significantly decreased(χ^(2)=6.264,P=0.012),but it did not have a significant change in females (χ^(2)=1.717,P=0.190). The average annual HIV/AIDS late detection rate was 23.88%(101/423),with the highest in 2015(33.68%)and the lowest in 2017(12.94%).It showed a valley distribution pattern with first decline and then rise. The difference in HIV/AIDS late detection rate in recent five years was statistically significant(χ^(2)=17.087,P=0.002). At the end of the report,the proportion of male patients(89.11%)was higher than that of females(10.89%),and nearly half(46.53%)of the patients were in elderly group aged 50 years old(46.53%). Patients with local registered residence(58.42%)had higher late detection rate than those with foreign household registration(41.58). Most the patients were junior high school educated(36.63%),followed by primary school(26.73%) and senior high school(21.78%). 68.32% of the patients were married and had a spouse. The top three occupations in patients were farmers(24.75%),workers(24.75%)and business services(22.77%),and the other occupations accounted for less than 10%. Most of the HIV positive samples were from other diseases(36.63%),follow

关 键 词：艾滋病 晚发现 影响因素 现况调查 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]