切片厚度对太阳能干燥哈密瓜片品质的影响  

Effect of Slice Thickness on Quality of Solar Dried Hami Melon Slices

作　　者：郭雪霞 张子赫 刘瑜 冉国伟 郭海枫 王海 GUO Xue-xia;ZHANG Zi-he;LIU Yu;RAN Guo-wei;GUO Hai-feng;WANG Hai(Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering,Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China;Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部规划设计研究院/农业农村部农产品产后处理重点实验室,北京100125 [2]河北农业大学,河北保定071001

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2022年第1期172-177,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2015BAD19B01)。

摘　　要：为提高哈密瓜片的干燥品质,采用太阳能干燥哈密瓜片,分析了2、5、8、11 mm不同切片厚度下,哈密瓜片的干燥时间、干燥速率、水分活度、质构、色泽、香气成分及能耗等指标。结果表明:哈密瓜片干燥时间随着厚度的减小而缩短,干燥过程只有降速阶段,厚度越大,哈密瓜干燥速率越慢;不同厚度的哈密瓜切片的水分活度会随着时间变化而减小,厚度越大,水分活度下降越快;随着切片厚度增加,哈密瓜干制品的硬度、黏附性、弹性和咀嚼性均增加;哈密瓜干制品的色泽L^(*)随着切片厚度的增加而下降,a^(*)和b^(*)值均随着厚度的增加而增加;不同切片厚度的干燥哈密瓜干中检出170种香气成分,相对含量最高的四类物质均为醇、酮、醛和酯类。不同切片厚度下的总能耗随着切片厚度的增加而增加,单位时间能耗在切片厚度为11 mm时显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);2~8 mm切片厚度下,哈密瓜片品质优于其他厚度,适于哈密瓜片的太阳能干燥。In order to improve the drying quality of Hami melon slices,solar energy was used to dry Hami melon slices.The drying time,drying rate,water activity,texture,color,aroma formation and energy consumption of Hami melon slices with different thickness of 2 mm,5 mm,8 mm and 11 mm were analyzed.The results showed that the drying time of Hami melon slices decreased with the decrease of thickness,and the drying process was only in the deceleration stage.The larger the thickness,the slower the drying speed of Hami melon slices.The water activity of Hami melon slices with different thickness would decrease with the change of time.The greater the thickness was,the faster the water activity would decrease.With the increase of slice thickness,the hardness,adhesiveness,elasticity and chewiness of dried Hami melon increased.The color L^(*)of dried Hami melon decreased with the increase of slice thickness,and the values of a^(*)and b^(*)increased with the increase of slice thickness.170 kinds of aroma components were detected in dried Hami melon with different slice thickness,and the four kinds of substances with the highest relative content were alcohol,ketone,aldehyde and ester.Under different slice thickness,the total energy consumption increased with the increase of slice thickness,and the energy consumption per unit time of Hami melon slices with 11 mm was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05).Under the slice thickness of 2~8 mm,the quality of Hami melon slice was better than that of other thickness,which was suitable for Hami melon slices drying.

关 键 词：太阳能干燥 哈密瓜 切片厚度 品质 能耗 

分 类 号：TS255.4[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]