模拟受污染土壤中重金属溶出特征及对地下水影响研究  

A Study on Leaching Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Simulated Contaminated Soil and Their Effects on Groundwater

作　　者：杨利霞 李颖 贾潇田 梁艳萍 张星楠 YANG Lixia;LI Ying;JIA Xiaotian;LIANG Yanping;ZHANG Xingnan(School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030051, China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学环境与安全工程学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《中国锰业》2022年第1期37-41,46,共6页China Manganese Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专项项目(2018YFC1801104)。

摘　　要：金属冶炼产生的重金属在迁移过程中会危及土壤和地下水。研究基于地下水保护,以沈阳非扰动土配制的模拟重金属污染土壤为研究材料,对比了国际公认和国内常用的柠檬酸钠及EDTA-2Na浸出方法,探究土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd的溶出特征,以改进的BCR法分析土壤浸出前后Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn的形态分布情况,并运用美国先进的SSL(soil screening level)模型模拟土壤渗滤液中重金属迁移至地下水的浓度。结果表明:柠檬酸缓冲溶液体系中的pH范围变化较小,浸提效果最佳;4种金属在浸提后残渣态最高,污染风险最小;并根据SSL模型最终得出,土壤浸提液中的重金属迁移进入地下水的浓度超过《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848—2017)最大容许浓度,污染严重从而危害人体健康。Heavy metals produced by metal smelting can endanger soil and groundwater during their migration.Based on groundwater protection,this paper uses simulated heavy metal contaminated soil prepared from undisturbed soil in Shenyang as the research material.It compares the internationally recognized and domestic commonly used in sodium citrate and EDTA disodium leaching methods to explore the content of Cu,Zn,Pb,and Cd in the soil.The dissolution characteristics are analyzed by the improved BCR method form distribution of Cd,Cu,Pb,and Zn before and after soil leaching.The advanced SSL(soil screening level)model of the United States is used to simulate the heavy metal concentration of soil leachate migration into groundwater.The results show that the pH value range in the citric acid buffer solution system is small,and the extraction effect is the best.The residual state of the four metals is the highest after extraction,and the pollution risk is the smallest.By the SSL model,it is finally concluded that the concentration of heavy metals in the soil extract that migrates into the groundwater exceeds the maximum allowable concentration of the“Standard for Groundwater Quality”(GB/T 14848-2017),causing serious pollution and harming human health.

关 键 词：污染土壤 重金属 浸提剂 形态分布 SSL模型 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X824