含有机反离子的双子季铵盐的合成与性能  

Preparation and properties of gemini quaternary ammonium salts with organic counterions

作　　者：丁慧 姜亚洁[1] 王亚魁[1] 鞠洪斌[1] 耿涛[1] DING Hui;JIANG Yajie;WANG Yakui;JU Hongbin;GENG Tao(China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry,Taiyuan 030001,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国日用化学工业研究院,山西太原030001

出　　处：《精细化工》2022年第1期114-120,共7页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：金山区产学研科技成果转化项目(2020-CXY-16);中轻集团科技创新基金(2020);中国日用化学工业研究院研究基金(RIDCI 2019)。

摘　　要：以十二烷基二甲基叔胺、环氧氯丙烷和对甲基苯磺酸为原料,合成了一种反离子含有机酸根的异丙醇基双子季铵盐GC-S。通过正交实验优化了合成工艺。利用FTIR、^(1)HNMR和ESI-MS对产物结构进行鉴定。在最佳反应时间为10 h、反应温度100℃、n(十二烷基二甲基叔胺)∶n(对甲苯磺酸)=2∶1.00的条件下,合成的GC-S具有较高的表面活性,临界胶束浓度(CMC)为2.09×10^(–4) mol/L,平衡表面张力(γ_(CMC))为24.06 mN/m。与以氯为反离子的传统双子季铵盐GC-Cl和单链季铵盐1231相比,GC-S展现出更优的润湿性、起泡性和稳泡性、乳化性。棉布片在GC-S水溶液中的下沉时间最短,为175.2 s。GC-S起始泡沫体积为390 mL,5 min时消泡体积为20 mL;GC-S分出定量水层的时间为317 s。此外,GC-S对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均表现出优异的抑菌活性。An isopropanol-based gemini quaternary salt(GC-S)with organic counterion was synthesized from N,N-dimethyldodecylamine,epichlorohydrin and p-toluenesulfonic acid.The synthesis process was optimized by orthogonal experiment.The product was characterized by FTIR,^(1)HNMR and ESI-MS.The results showed that under the optimum conditions of reaction time of 10 h,reaction temperature of 100℃and n(N,N-dimethyldodecylamine)∶n(p-toluenesulfonic acid)=2∶1.00,the synthesized GC-S had a high surface activity with a critical micelle concentration(CMC)of 2.09×10^(-4) mol/L and equilibrium surface tension(γ_(CMC))of 24.06 m N/m.Compared with conventional gemini quaternary ammonium salt with chloride as counterions(GC-Cl)and single-chain quaternary ammonium salt(1231),GC-S had better wettability,foaming and foam stabilization performances,and emulsification performance.The sinking time of cotton piece in GC-S aqueous solution was the shortest(175.2 s).The initial foam volume of GC-S was 390 mL,and the defoaming volume was 20 mL at 5 min.The time of GC-S separating quantitative water layer was 317 s.In addition,GC-S showed excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

关 键 词：双子季铵盐 异丙醇基 有机反离子 抑菌性能 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ423.3[化学工程]