Diversity and host assemblage of avian haemosporidians in different terrestrial ecoregions of Peru  

作　　者：Luz GARCIA-LONGORIA Jaime MURIEL Sergio MAGALLANES Zaira Hellen VILLA-GALARCE Leonila RICOPA Wilson Giancarlo INGA-DIAZ Esteban FONG Daniel VECCO Cesar GUERRA-SALDANA Teresa SALAS-RENGIFO Wendy FLORES-SAAVEDRA Kathya ESPINOZA Carlos MENDOZA Blanca SALDANA Manuel GONZALEZ-BLAZQUEZ Henry GONZALES-PINEDO Charlene LUJAN-VEGA Carlos Alberto Del AGUILA Yessica VILCA-HERRERA Carlos Alberto PINEDA Carmen REATEGUI Jorge Manuel CARDENAS-CALLIRGOS JoseAlberto IANNACONE Jorge Luis MENDOZA Ravinder NMSEHGAL Alfonso MARZAL 

机构地区：[1]Departamento de Anatomia,Biologia Celular y Zoologia,Universidad de Extremadura,Badajoz E-506071,Spain [2]Molecular Ecology and Evolution Lab,Department of Biology,Lund University,Solvegatan 37,SE-22362 Lund,Sweden [3]Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologıa-IPE(CSIC),Avda.Nuestra Senora de la Victoria 16,Jaca 22700,Spain [4]DIRESA,Direccion Regional de Salud,Loreto 16001,Peru [5]Departamento Academico de Microbiologia y Parasitologia.Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas,Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana,Iquitos 16001,Peru [6]Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias,Universidad Alas Peruanas,Lima 15823,Peru [7]EverGreen Institute-San Rafael,Distrito de Indiana,Loreto 16200,Peru [8]Observatorio de Aves Loreto(LBO),Distrito de San Juan,Loreto 16008,Peru [9]Centro Urku de Estudios Amazonicos,Tarapoto 22200,Peru [10]Servicio Nacional de Areas Naturales Protegidas por el Estado,15036,Peru [11]Sanidad Animal-Facultad de Zootecnia,Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina,Lima 15012,Peru [12]Laboratorio de Microbiologia,Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia,Universidad CientUfica del Sur,Lima 15067,Peru [13]Laboratorio de Analisis Clinico Moraleslab SAC,Morales,San Martin 22201,Peru [14]Asociacion Ecosistemas Andinos(ECOAN),Cuzco 08002,Peru [15]Pharmacology and Toxicology Graduate Group,University of California,Davis,DA 95616,USA [16]Global Health Initiative,Wabash College,Crawfordsville,IN 47933,USA [17]Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas,Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos,Lima 15081,Peru [18]Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria,Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizan,Huanuco,10160,Peru [19]Asociacion Peruana de Helmintologia e Invertebrados Afines,Lima 15054,Peru [20]Laboratorio de Ecologia y Biodiversidad Animal,Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal,El Agustino,Lima 15007,Peru [21]Laboratorio de Invertebrados,Universidad Ricardo Palma-Santiago de Surco,Lima 15537,Peru [22]Department of Biology,San Francisco State University,San Francisco,CA 94132,USA

出　　处：《Current Zoology》2022年第1期27-40,共14页动物学报（英文版）

基　　金：This study was funded in part by the US National Science Foundation sponsored Research Coordination Network for Haemosporida of Terrestrial Vertebrates(malariarch.org,NSF 0954891);the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness(CGL2015-64650P);Junta de Extremadura(Consejerıa de Economıa e Infraestructuras),FEDER(IB16121).S.M.and A.M.R were supported by a PhD grant from the Ministry of Economy and Competition of Spain and a mobility grant of Junta de Extremadura(129/2015);respectively.L.G.-L.was supported by the Junta de Extremadura(PO17024,Post-Doc grant);J.M.was supported by a postdoctoral contract from the University of Extremadura(Junta de Extremadura—IB16121);a postdoctoral grant from the Juan de la Cierva Subprogram(FJCI-2017-34109),with the financial sponsorship of the MICINN.

摘　　要：Characterizing the diversity and structure of host–parasite communities is crucial to understandingtheir eco-evolutionary dynamics.Malaria and related haemosporidian parasites are responsible forfitness loss and mortality in bird species worldwide.However,despite exhibiting the greatest ornithologicalbiodiversity,avian haemosporidians from Neotropical regions are quite unexplored.Here,we analyze the genetic diversity of bird haemosporidian parasites(Plasmodium andHaemoproteus)in 1,336 individuals belonging to 206 bird species to explore for differences in diversityof parasite lineages and bird species across 5 well-differentiated Peruvian ecoregions.Wedetected 70 different haemosporidian lineages infecting 74 bird species.We showed that 25 out ofthe 70 haplotypes had not been previously recorded.Moreover,we also identified 81 new host–parasite interactions representing new host records for these haemosporidian parasites.Our outcomesrevealed that the effective diversity(as well as the richness,abundance,and Shannon–Weaver index)for both birds and parasite lineages was higher in Amazon basin ecoregions.Furthermore,we also showed that ecoregions with greater diversity of bird species also had highparasite richness,hence suggesting that host community is crucial in explaining parasite richness.Generalist parasites were found in ecoregions with lower bird diversity,implying that the abundanceand richness of hosts may shape the exploitation strategy followed by haemosporidian parasites.These outcomes reveal that Neotropical region is a major reservoir of unidentified haemosporidianlineages.Further studies analyzing host distribution and specificity of these parasites inthe tropics will provide important knowledge about phylogenetic relationships,phylogeography,and patterns of evolution and distribution of haemosporidian parasites.

关 键 词：Amazonia avian malaria generalist parasite habitat specificity HAEMOPROTEUS PLASMODIUM specialist parasite 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]