单台G-M制冷机为冷源力学性能测试系统研究  

Study of a mechanical property testing system with a single G-M cryocooler

作　　者：谢世永 赵春宇 张连万 徐冬[1,3] 刘辉明 赵亚林[1,2,3] 吴姗姗 李来风 Xie Shiyong;Zhao Chunyu;Zhang Lianwan;Xu Dong;Liu Huiming;Zhao Yalin;Wu Shanshan;Li Laifeng(Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Engineering,Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants,Beijing 100190,China;Beijing Institute of Aerospace System Engineering,Beijing 100076,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Technology Research,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所低温工程学重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室,北京100190 [4]北京宇航系统工程研究所,北京100076 [5]深低温技术研究北京市重点实验室,北京100076

出　　处：《低温工程》2022年第1期1-4,16,共5页Cryogenics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0301403)。

摘　　要：以单台G-M制冷机为冷源,研究设计了一套可满足8—300 K温区内任意温度点稳定可控的材料力学测试系统,满足对材料的拉伸、压缩、弯曲等力学性能的测试要求。该系统利用少量氦气作为导冷介质,为系统内的夹具、样品等降温,降低至最低温度8 K用时14小时。选取8—300 K内多个温度点对系统进行控温测试,验证该系统在8—300 K内具有可连续稳定控温能力。利用电子万能试验机对该系统的性能进行测试,以77 K为低温的典型温度点对5a06铝合金进行拉伸测试,并与平台测试结果进行对比分析,证明该低温力学测试系统的测试结果具有较高的可信度。A stable and controllable mechanical property testing system is designed to meet the requirements for testing the mechanical properties of materials in tension,compression and bending at any temperature point in the temperature range of 8-300 K using a single G-M cryocooler as the cooling source.Gas helium is used as the cooling medium to cool down the fixture and samples of the mechanical property testing system,and it takes 14 hours to reach the lowest temperature of 8 K.The system was tested at several temperature points from 8 K to 300 K to verify the system's ability to control temperature continuously and stably from 8 K to 300 K.The performance of the system was tested using a mechanical testing machine,and the tensile test of 5a06 aluminum alloy was conducted at 77 K as the typical temperature.The results show that the test results of the mechanical property testing system have high credibility.

关 键 词：低温力学性能 G-M 制冷机 连续稳定控温 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程]