空间百瓦自由活塞斯特林发电机的实验研究  

Experiment study on space 100 W free piston Stirling generator

作　　者：池春云 牟健[1] 林明嫱 洪国同[1,2] 王新平 Chi Chunyun;Mou Jian;Lin Mingqiang;Hong Guotong;Wang Xinping(Key Laboratory of Technology on Space Energy Conversion,Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Innovation Academy for Microsatellites of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200135,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所,中国科学院空间功热转换技术重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院,上海200135

出　　处：《低温工程》2022年第1期17-22,共6页Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51806227),中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-KT-2019-1-0201)。

摘　　要：搭建了实验测试系统并对研制的百瓦自由活塞斯特林发电机进行性能优化实验,探究了板簧刚度、运行压力、外负载和冷端温度等因素对发电机输出功率、热电效率、运行频率、热端温度等输出特性的影响。结果表明:同一工况下,配气、动力活塞板簧刚度均存在最佳值使得发电机的输出功率与热电效率最高,运行频率对前者的变化更为敏感。运行压力和外负载的增加有效降低稳定热端温度,而冷端温度的提升则起相反作用。冷端温度的增加提升了发电机的整体运行温区,导致输出性能下降。经过实验优化,发电机在热端温度890 K,冷端温度298.5 K时,最大输出功率125.2 W,热电效率为25.4%。Based on future significant demand in deep space exploration,it is necessary to further develop a high-energy conversion efficiency and high-reliability space 100 W free piston Stirling generator.An experiment test system was established and the optimization experiment was carried out.The influence of the spring stiffness,operating pressure,external load and cold end temperature on the output characteristics such as output power,thermoelectric efficiency operating frequency and hot end temperature was researched.The results show that there are optimal values for the spring stiffness of displacer and piston,which makes the output power and thermoelectric efficiency of the generator the highest,and the operating frequency is more sensitive to the changes of the former.The increase of operating pressure and external load can effectively reduce the stable hot end temperature,while the increase of cold end temperature has the opposite effect.The increase in the cold end temperature increases the overall operating temperature of the generator,resulting in poor output performance.After experimental optimization,the generator has a maximum output power of 125.2 W and a thermoelectric efficiency of 25.4%when the hot end temperature is 890 K and the cold end temperature is 298.5 K.

关 键 词：自由活塞斯特林发电机 测试系统 优化实验 热电效率 

分 类 号：TB65[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TM31[电气工程—电机]