2021年我院一季度多重耐药菌的分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and resistance analysis of multiple drug-resistant bacteria in our hospital in the first quarter of 2021

作　　者：黄慧慧[1] 陈武玲 朱焕金[1] Huang Huihui;Chen Wuling;Zhu Huanjin(Huadu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital(Huzhong Hospital),Guangdong 510800)

机构地区：[1]广州市花都区妇幼保健院(胡忠医院),广东510800

出　　处：《天津药学》2022年第1期43-46,共4页Tianjin Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的:探究2021年本院一季度多重耐药菌(MDR)的分布特点,并分析MDR的耐药性。方法:选取本院2021年1—3月收治住院患者的送检标本(n=4667例)为探究对象。对标本进行细菌鉴定及药物敏感试验,得出药敏结果,分析其分布情况及耐药性。结果:本院分离病原菌分布情况:GBS筛查标本检出率最高,为27.81%,其次为粪便(体检)、血培养、分泌物和痰,检出率最低的标本为脓液、导管、腹水、胸水等,该类标本不足0.10%。2021年第一季度临床分离细菌MDR 132例,其中革兰阳性菌占66.67%(88/132),革兰阴性菌占33.33%(44/132)。分析多重耐药菌耐药率可知,耐药率最高的为肺炎克雷伯菌(CR-KPN),耐药率为76.92%,其次为耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS),耐药率分别为60.00%和34.78%,耐药率最低的为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA),仅为19.05%。头孢类药物、喹诺酮类药物、氨基糖苷类药物是MDR中革兰阴性杆菌耐药率最高的药物。MDR中革兰阳性菌耐药率最高的是青霉素类药物、大环内酯类药物。结论:MDR主要以革兰阳性球菌、阴性杆菌为主。Objective:To explore the distribution characteristics of multiple drug-resistant bacteria(MDR)in the first quarter of 2021 and to analyze the resistance of MDR.Methods:The samples of hospitalized patients(n=4667 cases)from January to March 2021 were selected as the research object.Bacterial identification and drug sensitivity test were carried out on the samples,and the distribution and drug resistance were analyzed.Results:The distribution of isolated pathogens in our hospital:the detection rate of GBS screening samples was the highest(27.81%),followed by stool(physical examination),blood culture,secretions,and sputum.The specimens with the lowest detection rate were pus,catheter,ascites,and pleural effusion,less than 0.10%.In the first quarter of 2021,132 cases of MDR were clinically isolated,of which 66.67%(88/132)were Gram-positive bacteria,and 33.33%(44/132)were Gram-negative bacteria.By analyzing the drug resistance rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria,the highest resistance rate was Kleb.pneumoniae(CR-KPN,76.92%),followed by methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS,60.00%),coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(CNS,34.78%).The lowest drug resistance rate was methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),only 19.05%.Cephalosporins,quinolones,and aminoglycosides were the drugs with the highest drug resistance rate of Gram-negative bacteria in MDR.Penicillins and macrolides had the highest resistance rate of Gram-positive bacteria in MDR.Conclusion:The multiple drug-resistant bacteria were mainly gram-positive cocci and negative bacilli.

关 键 词：多重耐药菌 分布情况 耐药性 标本分析 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学] R446.5[医药卫生—药学]