土壤调理剂对降低土壤酸性和水稻镉含量的影响  

Effects of soil conditioner on decrease of soil acidity and Cd content in rice grains

作　　者：温权州 冉露 周富忠 李亚东[2,3] 杨兰芳 WEN Quanzhou;RAN Lu;ZHOU Fuzhong;LI Yadong;YANG Lanfang(Soil Fertilizer Workstation of Lichuan City, Enshi 445400, China;School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;Faculty of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China)

机构地区：[1]利川市土肥站,湖北恩施445400 [2]湖北大学生命科学学院,湖北武汉430062 [3]湖北大学资源环境学院,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《湖北大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期184-189,共6页Journal of Hubei University：Natural Science

基　　金：多功能肽肥及其直肥化改良酸化土壤的成套技术研发与500亩示范(2020ZYYD031);烤烟大田生长前期根系发育障碍及应对技术研究与应用(2020420000240151);减磷降钙增香的新型烟叶种植肥料与种植模式研究(027Y2021-024)资助。

摘　　要：为了改良酸性土壤和降低水稻镉含量,进行土壤施用调理剂种植水稻的田间试验.测定实验前后土壤的pH、交换性铝、有效锰、盐基饱和度、有效镉、总镉和收获稻谷的产量及其镉含量.结果表明,与对照相比,施用土壤调理剂后,土壤pH增加0.23~0.60个单位,土壤交换性铝、有效锰、有效镉和稻谷镉含量分别降低9.4%~34.4%、7.0%~21.9%、12.2%~15.4%和32%~56%,土壤盐基饱和度和稻谷产量分别增加11%~22%和36.7%~44.2%.土壤调理剂的施用量与土壤pH、盐基饱和度、交换性铝的降低率、有效锰的降低率、土壤有效镉的降低率和稻谷镉含量的降低率呈显著的线性正相关,与土壤交换性铝含量、有效锰含量、稻谷镉含量呈显著的线性负相关,与稻谷产量呈显著的二次函数相关.由此可见,所用调理剂能通过提升土壤pH、降低交换性铝和有效锰含量,增加土壤盐基饱和度来改良土壤酸性,从而降低土壤镉的有效性来降低稻谷镉含量,说明供试土壤调理剂可以在酸性土地区推广应用,具有良好的改酸、增产和降镉效果.A field planting rice experiment of application soil conditioner was conducted to decrease soil acidity and Cd content in rice grains.The soil pH,exchangeable Al^(3+),available Mn,base saturation percentage,available Cd and total Cd were determined before experiment and after rice harvesting,and the yield of rice and Cd content in rice grains was determined after harvesting rice.The results showed that soil conditioner decreased 9.4%~34.4%of exchangeable Al^(3+),7.0%~21.9%of available Mn,12.2%~15.4%of available Cd and 32%~56%of Cd content in rice grains,respectively,but increased 0.23~0.60 of soil pH,11%~22%of soil base saturation percentage and 36.7%~44.2%of rice grain yield.Compared to the soil before experiment,the application rates of soil conditioner had a significant positive relationship with soil pH,base saturation percentage,and the reduction rate of exchangeable Al^(3+),available Mn,available Cd and Cd content in rice grains,and had a significant linear correlation to the content of soil exchangeable Al^(3+),available Mn and Cd content in rice grains,but had a significant quadratic correlation to rice grain yield.In conclusion,soil conditioner could decrease soil acidity,soil available Cd and Cd content in rice grain by increasing soil pH and base saturation percentage,decreasing soil exchangeable Al^(3+),available Mn,which implied that applying soil conditioner in acid soil would be effective to alter soil acidity,increase rice yield and decrease Cd concentration of rice.

关 键 词：土壤调理剂 土壤酸性 稻谷 镉含量 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学] S511[农业科学—农业基础科学]