禽流感(H5+H7)重组杆状病毒载体三价灭活疫苗对家禽的免疫效力研究  

The protection efficacy of H5/H7 avian influenza recombinant baculovirus trivalent inactivated vaccine in poultry

作　　者：潘舒心 刘艳晶 麻琦 陈晓涵 邓国华[1] 施建忠[1] 田国彬[1] 曾显营[1] 陈化兰[1] PAN Shu-xin;LIU Yan-jing;MA-qi;CHEN Xiao-han;DENG Guo-hua;SHI Jian-zhong;TIAN Guo-bin;ZENG Xian-ying;CHEN Hua-lan(State Key Lab of Veterinary Biotechnology,Harbin Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150069,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所兽医生物技术国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150069

出　　处：《中国预防兽医学报》2021年第12期1293-1298,1317,共7页Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0501602、2017YFD0500701);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-41-G12);农村领域国家科技计划课题(2015BAD12B03/001)。

摘　　要：为评估禽流感(H5+H7)重组杆状病毒载体三价灭活疫苗(rBH5-11株+rBH5-12株+rBH7-2株)对家禽的免疫保护效果,本研究将制备的3批疫苗接种21日龄SPF鸡,并进行疫苗的效力检测及H5和H7亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)流行株的攻毒试验;同时将该疫苗接种商品蛋鸡和鸭,进行免疫抗体持续期研究。疫苗免疫效力试验结果显示,3批疫苗常规剂量(0.3 mL/只)分别接种SPF鸡后3周,免疫鸡血清中针对H5亚型Re-11株和Re-12株、H7亚型H7-Re2株AIV的平均HI抗体效价为7.9 log2~8.5 log2,对照组鸡血清中针对3种抗原的HI抗体均为阴性;用H5N6、H5N1和H7N9亚型AIV分别攻毒后10 d观察期内,对照鸡均全部发病死亡,所有免疫组鸡均不发病、不排毒、不死亡,获得100%的免疫保护。流行株的效力试验结果显示,免疫后3周,接种常规剂量(0.3mL/只)疫苗鸡血清中针对3种抗原的平均HI抗体效价均在7.9 log2以上,使用2株H5N6亚型AIV、2株H5N1亚型AIV及1株H7N9亚型AIV和1株H7N2亚型AIV流行株攻毒后,各免疫组鸡均获得100%的免疫保护。抗体持续期试验结果显示,80日龄商品蛋鸡在接种2次疫苗(0.5 mL/只)3周至16周,血清中针对3种抗原的平均HI抗体效价均在6.8 log2以上;2周龄鸭接种2次疫苗(0.5 mL/只),在首次免疫后3周至14周,血清中针对3种抗原的平均HI抗体效价均在6 log2以上。上述结果首次表明,禽流感杆状病毒载体三价灭活疫苗具有良好的免疫效力,能够预防H5亚型和H7亚型禽流感(AI),商品蛋鸡和鸭按照免疫程序接种2次疫苗后能够产生持久的HI抗体。本研究为禽流感疫苗的研制提供了新思路和科学依据。To evaluate the protective efficacy of H5/H7(rBH5-11 strain+rBH5-12 strain+rBH7-2 strain)avian influenza recombinant baculovirus inactivated vaccine in poultry,groups of 21-day-old SPF chickens were immunized with the experimental vaccine for the potency test and the challenge study against prevalent H5 and H7 avian influenza virus(AIV)isolates;commercial layer chickens and ducks were immunized with the vaccine to evaluate the HI antibody duration.The potency test results showed that one dose(0.3 mL)of vaccine could induce mean HI antibody titers ranging from 7.9 log2 to 8.5 log2 in SPF chickens at 3 weeks post vaccination(p.v.);after challenged with the H5 N6,H5 N1 and H7 N9 viruses for vaccine potency test,respectively,at 3 weeks p.v.,all the vaccinated SPF chickens survived without virus shedding and clinical signs during the 10 days observation period,while all the chickens in the control groups died within 5 days post challenge.In the challenge study against the prevalent AIV strains,the mean HI antibody titers to vaccine seeds in all the group of the vaccinated SPF chickens were above 7.9 log2 and all the vaccinated chickens obtained 100%immune protection after challenged with 2 H5 N6 viruses,2 H5 N1 viruses,1 H7 N9 virus and 1 H7 N2 virus,respectively.In the HI antibody duration test,the mean HI antibody titers to H5 Re-11 strain,Re-12 strain and H7-Re2 strain in the 80-day-old commercial layer chickens inoculated with two doses(0.5 mL)of the vaccine at 4-week intervals were above 6.8 log2 between 3 weeks p.v.and 16 weeks p.v.after the prime shot.The mean HI antibody titers to H5 Re-11 strain,Re-12 strain and H7-Re2 strain in the 14-day-old ducks inoculated with two doses(0.5 mL)at 4-week intervals of the vaccine were all above 6 log2 between 3 weeks p.v.and 14 weeks p.v.after the prime shot.These results indicated that the H5/H7 avian influenza recombinant baculovirus inactivated vaccine could induce effective immune response in poultry,and can prevent the infection of H5 and H7 subtypes avian influenza v

关 键 词：禽流感 杆状病毒载体 灭活疫苗 H5+H7 免疫效力 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]