不同类型鞋底的篮球鞋对起跳动作时足底压力分布的影响研究  

Study on the effect of different types of sole basketball shoes on the plantar pressure distribution during take-off

作　　者：王丽娜 牛春欢 徐玥 张晚霞 成琳 倪国新 Wang Lina;Niu Chunhuan;Xu Yue;Zhang Wanxia;Cheng Lin;Ni Guoxin(College of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学运动医学与康复学院,北京100084

出　　处：《足踝外科电子杂志》2021年第4期12-17,共6页Electronic Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(20211003,20212071,20212072)。

摘　　要：目的探讨男性篮球爱好者穿不同类型鞋底的篮球鞋在起跳动作时对足底压力分布的影响,分析两款篮球鞋对足部力学影响的差异,为篮球运动人群挑选篮球鞋提供参考。方法招募8名健康的男性篮球爱好者,分别在穿佩有压力鞋垫的NIKE、PEAK两款篮球鞋完成起跳动作时,采集起跳时的整足足底压力、分区足底压力及压力中心轨迹指标,通过配对样本t检验分析足底压力各指标间的差异。结果起跳时,NIKE篮球鞋相对于PEAK篮球鞋,整足会产生更大的压力峰值(P<0.05),在第1趾骨区(P<0.05)、第2~5趾骨区(P<0.05)、第2~3跖骨区(P<0.05)、内侧足跟区(P<0.05)和外侧足跟区(P<0.05)会产生更大的压强均值。PEAK篮球鞋压力中心轨迹更短且左右偏移幅度较大,而NIKE篮球鞋压力中心轨迹较长且左右偏移幅度较小。结论NIKE篮球鞋相对于PEAK篮球鞋,在完成起跳动作时会产生更大的足底负荷和地面反作用力,可以为球员提供良好的脚步支撑,更适合于速度爆发型球员或踝关节控制力弱的球员穿,但长期穿可能会导致足底筋膜炎、跟腱炎和跖骨应力性骨折等运动损伤的发生。PEAK篮球鞋相对于NIKE篮球鞋,缓震能力更好,可以更好地降低地面冲击力,适合体重大及对速度要求不高的球员穿。Objective To explore the effect of male basketball lovers wearing different types of basketball shoes on plantar pressure distribution during take-off,and to analyze the difference of the effect of the two basketball shoes on foot mechanics,so as to provide reference for basketball people to choose basketball shoes.Methods eight healthy male basketball lovers were recruited.When they completed the take-off action with Nike and peak basketball shoes wearing pressure insoles,the indexes of whole foot plantar pressure,zoned plantar pressure and pressure center trajectory were collected.The differences between the indexes of plantar pressure were analyzed by paired sample t-test.Results compared with peak basketball shoes,nike basketball shoes produced greater pressure peak[(2885.68±212.86)n vs(2513.60±183.26)n,P<0.05],in the first phalanx[(42.15±3.56)kPa vs(34.35±2.65)kPa,P<0.05],in the second to fifth phalanx[(45.65±3.95)kPa vs(36.05±3.23)kPa,P<0.05]The second to third metatarsal area[(40.45±3.75)kPa vs(32.65±3.05)kPa,P<0.05],medial heel area[(14.75±1.10)kPa vs(2513.60±183.26)kPa,P<0.05]and lateral heel area[(35.75±3.45)kPa vs(28.65±2.40)kPa,P<0.05]will produce greater mean pressure.Peak basketball shoes have longer pressure center track and large left-right offset,while Nike basketball shoes have shorter pressure center track and small left-right offset.Conclusion compared with peak basketball shoes,nike basketball shoes will produce greater plantar load and ground reaction force when completing the take-off action,which can provide good foot support for players.It is more suitable for players with explosive speed or players with weak ankle control.However,long-term wear may lead to sports injuries such as plantar fasciitis,heel tendinitis and metatarsal stress fracture.Compared with Nike basketball shoes,peak basketball shoes have better cushioning ability and can better reduce the ground impact.It is suitable for players with heavy weight and low speed requirements.

关 键 词：篮球鞋 起跳动作 足底压力 压力鞋垫 

分 类 号：R684.2[医药卫生—骨科学]