美国高超声速武器发展现状与得失简析  

Invited Paper:Analyzing the development of hypersonic weapons by the US

作　　者：汪丰麟 朱启超[2] 张杰[2] WANG Fenglin;ZHU Qichao;ZHANG Jie(College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410074,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学空天科学学院,湖南长沙410073 [2]国防科技大学前沿交叉学科学院,湖南长沙410074

出　　处：《国防科技》2022年第1期38-51,共14页National Defense Technology

摘　　要：高超声速武器是世界各大军事强国进行科技攻关和装备发展的重要领域。美国是世界上最早开展高超声速武器研究的国家之一,在高超声速武器发展历史上曾长期居于领先地位。然而近年来,美国在高超声速武器领域疲态渐露,多个重点项目出现严重节点滞后,试验事故频发,以至于在高超声速助推滑翔武器和高超声速巡航导弹两大技术方向上均陷入了被其他国家赶超的不利局面。本文基于公开信息,对美国高超声速武器在一段时期内的发展脉络进行了简要回溯与梳理,分析了美国各军种推进高超声速武器项目的研究概况,设想了美国未来对高超声速武器的运用方式及其特点,并指出了美国在高超声速武器发展领域可能面临的一系列问题。Hypersonic weapons constitute an important field in technological research on weaponry for major military powers.The United States was one of the first countries to research hypersonic weapons and has long been a leader in the area.However,recent years have exposed weaknesses in its capabilities in this vein.Several key proj‐ects have encountered such problems as delays and test accidents.As a result,the US is at risk of being overtaken by other countries in technical capacity for hypersonic weapons,hypersonic boost-gliding weapons,and hypersonic cruise missiles.This paper uses publicly available information to summarize the developmental history of American hypersonic weapons.The general status of hypersonic weapons projects currently being pursued by the US is ana‐lyzed,and future modes of application as well as the characteristics of American hypersonic weapons are predicted.The problems faced by the US in the field are also noted.

关 键 词：美国 高超声速武器 发展现状 经验 教训 

分 类 号：E927[军事—军事装备学]