扎陵湖和鄂陵湖夏季典型地表水热交换特征的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Typical Characteristics of Land Surface Water-heat Zxchange over Gyaring Lake and Ngoring Lake in Summer

作　　者：杨显玉 吕雅琼 文军 马耀明[4,5,6] 孟宪红 黄安宁 田辉[2] 张少波 王禹润 赵林 YANG Xianyu;LÜYaqiong;WEN Jun;MAYaoming;MENG Xianhong;HUANG Anning;TIAN Hui;ZHANG Shaobo;WANG Yurun;ZHAO Lin(College of Atmospheric Sciences/Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,Sichuan,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment andResources Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Change and Land Surface Process.Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院/高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,四川成都610225 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [4]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100101 [5]青藏高原环境变化与地表过程重点实验室,北京100101 [6]中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心,北京100101 [7]南京大学大气科学学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《高原气象》2022年第1期143-152,共10页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41975130,41930759,41975012);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0105);四川省科技计划项目(2021YJ0025)。

摘　　要：选用由美国国家环境预报中心NCEP和美国国家大气研究中心NCAR联合开发的新一代中尺度数值模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting Model)模式,采用两重网格单向反馈嵌套的方法对扎陵湖和鄂陵湖区域的大气边界层特征进行数值模拟,并把湖泊水体下垫面替换为草地下垫面以设计另一组去除湖泊的敏感性试验与有湖的模拟结果进行对比。结果发现,WRF模式能较好地模拟出2 m高度温度、感热和潜热的日变化特征。扎陵湖和鄂陵湖在白天(夜晚)具有很好的降温(保温)作用,表现出明显的冷(暖)湖效应,进而在湖-陆间产生温度差。这样的温度差异会影响局地风场,白天在扎陵湖和鄂陵湖的中心区域分别有强度为1.0 m·s^(-1)和0.5 m·s^(-1)的下沉气流。而周围地区的上空出现了强度达到2.5 m·s^(-1)的上升气流。扎陵湖和鄂陵湖对感热和潜热的影响均有显著的日变化,扎陵湖和鄂陵湖使得白天湖面感热和潜热值低于周围陆地,而夜晚两湖对感热和潜热的影响与白天相反。对大气边界层高度而言,白天由于扎陵湖和鄂陵湖有效降低了湖区上空的大气边界层高度,而夜晚扎陵湖和鄂陵湖对大气边界层高度的影响不明显。To explore the Characteristics of Land Surface Water-heat Zxchange over Gyaring Lake and Ngoring Lake in Summer,the new generation of mesoscale numerical model WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting Model),developed by National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP)and National Center for Atmospheric Research(NCAR)was used to simulate the characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer in Gyaring and Ngoring Lakes area.The results show that the WRF model can preferably simulate the diurnal variation characteristics of 2 m height temperature,sensible heat and latent heat flux.Gyaring and Ngoring Lakes have great cooling(heating)effect to the air above lakes during the day(night),showing obvious cold(warm)lake effect,and producing temperature difference between lakes and land.Such a temperature difference will affect the local wind field.during the day,in the central area of Gyaring and Ngoring Lakes have the strength of 1.0 m·s^(-1) and 0.5 m·s^(-1) of downdrafts respectively,and an updraft of 2.5 m·s^(-1) in intensity appeared over the surrounding area.The effect of Gyaring and Ngoring Lakes on sensible heat and latent heat during the day and night varies greatly.The existence of the two lakes will make the sensible heat and latent heat value of the lake surface lower than the surrounding land during the day,while the effect of the two lakes on sensible heat and latent heat at night is opposite to that of the daytime.For the height of atmospheric boundary layer,the existence of Gyaring and Ngoring Lakes effectively reduces the height of atmospheric boundary layer over the lake area during the day,but the influence of Gyaring and Ngoring Lakes on the height of atmospheric boundary layer is not obvious at night.

关 键 词：扎陵湖和鄂陵湖 湖泊效应 湖陆风 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P404[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]