退役军人心理健康状况及影响因素分析  

Status and influencing factors of mental health among veterans in China

作　　者：明志君 陈祉妍[1] 刘亚男 陈国民 MING Zhi-jun;CHEN Zhi-yan;LIU Ya-nan(Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理健康重点实验室中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101 [2]93534部队 [3]中国科学院大学心理学系 [4]瑞阳心语心理学应用技术发展有限公司

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2022年第2期167-171,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解退役军人抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)风险状况及影响因素,为该群体的心理健康促进提供参考依据。方法于2019年对中国30个省(自治区、直辖市)的退役军人进行抽样调查,收回有效问卷1045份,采用流调中心抑郁量表简版(CESD-9)、广泛性焦虑量表简版(GAD-2)、PTSD风险问卷对心理健康状况进行评估。结果抑郁得分为(9.73±6.86)分,不同学历、军衔、经济收入退役军人抑郁得分有显著差异(均P<0.001)。焦虑得分为(2.09±1.91)分,不同年龄、学历、军衔、经济收入退役军人焦虑得分有显著差异(均P<0.01)。PTSD风险比率为42.58%,不同学历、军衔、经济收入、重大军事行动经历退役军人PTSD风险比率有显著差异(均P<0.01)。经济收入(β=-0.13,P<0.001)、饮酒行为(β=0.12,P<0.001)和睡眠质量(β=-0.59,P<0.001)对抑郁得分存在显著影响;经济收入(β=-0.11,P<0.01)、饮酒行为(β=0.08,P<0.01)和睡眠质量(β=-0.64,P<0.001)对焦虑得分存在显著影响;年龄(OR=1.04,95%CI=1.02~1.06)、重大军事行动(OR=1.60,95%CI=1.11~2.30)、饮酒行为(OR=1.18,95%CI=1.05~1.32)和睡眠质量(OR=0.74,95%CI=0.68~0.80)对PTSD风险存在显著影响。结论中国退役军人心理健康水平较低,饮酒行为是抑郁、焦虑的危险因素,经济收入和睡眠质量是抑郁、焦虑的保护因素;年龄增长、重大军事行动经历、饮酒行为是PTSD风险的危险因素,睡眠质量是PTSD风险的保护因素;抑郁、焦虑和PTSD风险之间密切相关。Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of depression,anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)among veterans in China and to provide references for promoting mental health of the population.Methods We conducted a questionnaire survey among 1100 veterans under 80 years recruited from 30 provincial-level regions across China with cluster sampling during May-July 2019.Mental health status of the participants was assessed using the short version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CESD-9)Chinese version,the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-2),and PTSD risk scale.Results For all the valid respondents(1045,95.00%of the veterans recruited),the mean depression score was 9.73±6.86 and the score differed significantly by education,military rank and income(all P<0.001);the mean anxiety score was 2.09±1.91 and the score differed significantly by age,education,military rank,and economic income(all P<0.01).The proportion of the participants assessed as at high risk of PTSD was 42.58%and the proportion was significantly associated with education,military rank,economic income,and major military action experience(all P<0.01).The results of linear regression analysis indicated that significant influencing factors for depression score included income(β=-0.13,P<0.001),alcohol consumption(β=0.12,P<0.001),and sleep quality(β=-0.59,P<0.001)and significant impact factors for anxiety score included income(β=-0.11,P<0.01),alcohol consumption(β=0.08,P<0.01)and sleep quality(β=-0.64,P<0.001).The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that age(odds ratio[OR]=1.04,95%confidence interval[95%CI]:1.02-1.06),with major military action experience(OR=1.60,95%CI:1.11-2.30),alcohol consumption(OR=1.18,95%CI:1.05-1.32)were significant risk factors for PTSD;while,sleep quality(OR=0.74,95%CI:0.68-0.80)was a protective factors against PTSD significantly.Conclusion Among Chinese veterans,the mental health was at a low level;alcohol consumption is a risk factor but income and sleep qu

关 键 词：抑郁 焦虑 创伤后应激障碍 影响因素 退役军人 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]