1990—2020年江苏省海岸带景观生态状况指数跨尺度时空特征  

Cross-scale spatiotemporal characteristics of landscape ecological conditions index in coastal zone of Jiangsu Province,China during 1990-2020

作　　者：元冰瑜 高建华[1,2] 池源 扎边 龚照辉 YUAN Bing-yu;GAO Jian-hua;CHI Yuan;ZHA Bian;GONG Zhao-hui(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development,School of Geography and Ocean Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection,Ministry of Natural Resources,Nanjing 210024,China;Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Hangzhou 310012,China;First Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao 266061,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室,南京210023 [2]自然资源部海岸带开发与保护重点实验室,南京210024 [3]自然资源部第二海洋研究所,杭州310012 [4]自然资源部第一海洋研究所,青岛266061

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2022年第2期489-499,共11页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071116);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2021S02)资助。

摘　　要：江苏海岸带生态系统在复杂的外界干扰下产生了不同程度的空间响应和退化特征,特别是近几十年景观格局发生了显著的时空演变,亟待开展多尺度下涵盖景观组成、布局和功能的景观生态综合评估研究。本研究分析了1990-2020年江苏省海岸带大空间尺度下景观生态状况指数(LECI)的时空分布状况,评估了14个县级行政区的景观生态情况,并选取边长分别为100、200、……、1000 m的评价单元分析LECI的空间尺度效应。结果表明:研究期间,景观组成、布局和功能各项指标能敏感反映研究区LECI变化,LECI能综合评价江苏省海岸带景观生态状况,300 m评价单元空间尺度是最佳空间尺度。研究区LECI值呈波动变化,1990年的景观生态状况最佳,2020年最差,景观组成和景观布局对景观生态状况变化的影响较大。各县市LECI的波动与强烈的人类活动有着密不可分的联系,工业发展、城市扩张等人类活动破坏了景观生态状况,而自然保护区的建立在一定程度上恢复了景观生态状况。LECI能有效指示大空间尺度海岸带地区的景观生态状况变化,并为海岸带地区空间利用保护提供多视角建议。Coastal zone ecosystems in Jiangsu have produced different degrees of spatial response and degradation characteristics under complex external disturbances,especially significant spatiotemporal evolution of landscape pattern in recent decades.It is urgent to carry out comprehensive assessment on landscape ecology covering landscape composition,configuration,and function at multiple scales.We analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of landscape ecological condition index(LECI)in large-scale coastal zone of Jiangsu Province from 1990 to 2020,assessed landscape ecological conditions of 14 county-level districts,and selected evaluation units with side lengths of 100,200,…,1000 m to understand the spatial scale effects of LECI.The results showed that the indicators of landscape composition,configuration and function could sensitively reflect the changes of LECI,which could comprehensively evaluate landscape ecological condition of Jiangsu coastal zone during the study period,with 300 m evaluation unit being the best spatial scale.The LECI value in the study area fluctuated.Landscape ecological condition was the best in 1990 and the worst in 2020.Landscape composition and configuration had a greater impacts on the changes of landscape ecological condition.The fluctuation of LECI in different counties and cities was closely related to intense human activities.Human activities,such as industrial development and urban expansion,had damaged landscape ecological status.The establishment of nature reserves had restored landscape ecological status to a certain extent.LECI could effectively indicate the changes of landscape ecological status of large-scale coastal zone,and provide multi-perspective suggestions for space utilization and protection.

关 键 词：江苏海岸带 景观格局 景观生态状况 时空尺度 

分 类 号：P748[天文地球—海洋科学] P901