苗期冷冻法快速鉴定小偃麦衍生系的抗寒性  

Rapid Identification of Cold Resistance of Thinopyrum-derived Wheat Lines by Freezing at Seedling Stage

作　　者：郭慧娟 常利芳 乔麟轶 李欣[1,2] 张树伟[1] 陈芳 贾举庆 畅志坚[1,2] 张晓军 GUO Huijuan;CHANG Lifang;QIAO Linyi;LI Xin;ZHANG Shuwei;CHEN Fang;JIA Juqing;CHANG Zhijian;ZHANG Xiaojun(College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University/Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Molecular Improvement,Taiyuan 030031,China;State Key Laboratory of Integrative Sustainable Dryland Agriculture(in preparation),Shanxi Agricultural University Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院/作物遗传与分子改良山西省重点实验室,山西太原030031 [2]山西农业大学省部共建有机旱作农业国家重点实验室(筹),山西太原030031

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2022年第3期327-335,共9页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西农业大学省部共建有机旱作农业国家重点实验室自主研发项目(202002-3);山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC093);山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D211003)。

摘　　要：小麦是一种喜凉作物,但也容易受到寒害的威胁,利用近缘物种进行抗寒性改良是拓宽小麦遗传基础的有效方法。为了建立一种室内快速鉴定小麦苗期抗寒性强弱的方法,为小麦抗寒种质筛选服务,也为小麦抗寒育种及遗传研究提供新的种质资源,试验以苗期冷冻成活率为指标,结合田间越冬性调查,对29份源于中间偃麦草或长穗偃麦草的小偃麦衍生种质进行了抗寒性鉴定。结果表明,采用室内冷冻法可获得具有显著差异的抗寒性结果,试验材料的抗寒系数在0.77%~100%均有分布,其中有4份材料的苗期抗寒系数大于90%,分别为16W16-1、CH15132、CH7034、CH1677,其具有优良的苗期抗寒性。越冬性鉴定结果表明,田间冻害等级最大为6级,最小为2级,变异系数为31.04%;对田间冻害等级与室内冷冻成活率的相关性分析结果表明,二者的相关系数为-0.906,呈极显著负相关,表明采用室内冷冻法可有效鉴定小麦品种的抗寒性。抗寒系数与产量性状相关性分析结果表明,抗寒系数可显著影响品种的产量及其相关性状,且与产量呈正相关。Triticum aestivum L.is a cold-loving crop,but it is also vulnerable to the threat of cold.It is one of the effective ways of expanding the genetic base to use related species to improve cold resistance of wheat.In order to find a method to rapidly identify cold resistance of wheat at seedling stage in laboratory,serve screening cold resistant germplasms of wheat,and provide breeding for cold resistance and genetic study on wheat with new germplasms,in this study,the freezing survival rate was used at the seedling stage as an indicator to identify cold resistance of 29 Thinopyrum intermedium or Thinopyrum ponticum-derived wheat lines combining invesitigation of overwintering ability.The results showed that the experimental results with significant differences could be obtained by using the indoor freezing method.The cold resistance coefficient of the materials tested was distributed from 0.77%to 100%.There were 4 materials,16 W16-1,CH15132,CH7034 and CH1677,had excellent cold resistance at seedling stage with cold resistance coefficient higher than 90%.The overwintering identification showed that the maximum level of freezing injury in the field was level 6,the minimum was level 2,and the coefficient of variation was 31.04%.Correlation analysis showed that the field freezing injury grade and indoor freezing survival rate were extremely significantly negatively correlated(P<0.01),and the correlation coefficient was-0.906,which indicated that the indoor freezing method could effectively identify the cold resistance of wheat varieties.The correlation analysis between the cold resistance coefficients and yield related traits showed that cold resistance coefficient could significantly affect the yield and its related traits and had positive correlation with the yield.

关 键 词：小麦 抗寒性 苗期 冷冻鉴定 偃麦草 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]