支点与缝合——“非洲之角”城市化进程中的中国援建  

Support and Seam: China Aid Projects and the Urbanization in the “Horn of Africa”

作　　者：张璐嘉 薛求理[1,2] 万妍 ZHANG Lujia;XUE Qiuli;WAN Yan

机构地区：[1]香港城市大学建筑与土木工程学系,中国香港特别行政区 [2]香港城市大学深圳研究院,广东518000 [3]香港大学建筑学院,中国香港特别行政区

出　　处：《新建筑》2022年第1期139-145,共7页New Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51878584);香港城市大学策略研究基金项目(7005247)。

摘　　要：由于自然资源匮乏、殖民历史和地理位置的影响,"非洲之角"国家以低城市化率、高贫困人口比例和特殊政治地位受到国际社会关注。以吉布提和埃塞俄比亚两国首都为例,以文本研究结合现场调研等方式,从设计者、管理者和使用者的角度,考察中国的建筑援助项目及其在城市中所承担的角色。通过对城市空间和援助项目的分析,展现其如何以"点+线"的方式,介入复杂混合的城市环境,部分地发挥构建地域性文化标志与缝合城市空间的作用。为援助项目长期以来的使用状况提供可供参考的现实切面,并反思我国援外项目在设计、建造、落地和后续运营维护过程中的优势与不足。Due to the lack of natural resources, colonial history’s impacts and superior geographical location, the“horn of Africa”countries have drawn international attention in the past few decades with low urbanization rates, large numbers of poor people and special political status. This article, taking Djibouti City and Addis Ababa as examples, combines documentary research with field surveys and observations taken by on-site visits on urban space and society developments. From the perspectives of designers, managers, and users, the article examines China-aided projects and their roles and analyzes aid projects in the urban context to show how these projects get involved into complicated urban context in the form of “node and line”, partly undertake the roles of establishing cultural symbols and seaming urban spaces and participate in the modernization and urbanization process. The article aims to provide a realistic view for long-term use effect of China aid projects overseas, rethink the advantages and disadvantages in the process of design, construction, implementation, subsequent operation and maintenance.

关 键 词：对外援助 非洲 建筑 城市化 一带一路 

分 类 号：TU201.1[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]