低体重早产儿支气管肺发育不良的危险因素研究  

Study on the Risk Factors of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Low Birth Weight Premature Infants

作　　者：范旭升 杨方方[2] FAN Xusheng;YANG Fangfang(Department of Neonatology,Shiyan People's Hospital,Baoan District,Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,518108 China;Department of Neonatology,Shenzhen Children's Hospital,Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,518108 China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区石岩人民医院新生儿科,广东深圳518108 [2]深圳市儿童医院新生儿科,广东深圳518108

出　　处：《世界复合医学》2021年第12期86-89,共4页World Journal of Complex Medicine

摘　　要：目的通过调查低体重新生儿围产期相关指标,了解围产期相关因素对支气管肺发育不良(BPD)发生的相对影响。方法选取2014年1月—2017年6月该院150名低体重新生儿为研究对象,其中113名未发生支气管肺发育不良,归为非BPD组,37例发生支气管肺发育不良,归为BPD组。通过医院登记信息系统填报和收集新生儿和母亲的人口学和健康类相关信息。结果BPD组的胎龄(28.1±1.6)周,显著低于非BPD组(29.0±2.1)周,差异有统计学意义(t=2.388,P=0.018),BPD组的极低出生体重的比例为56.8%显著高于非BPD组的21.2%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),两组性别构成差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单因素分析结果显示:BPD组母亲妊娠期微核率、异常生育史、新生儿窒息、RDS、感染性肺炎、呼吸暂停、PDA、低蛋白血症、机械通风、CPAP的发生率显著高于非BPD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistics回归结果显示:母亲妊娠期微核率升高是BPD的危险因素,出生月龄增加是BPD的保护作用(P<0.05)。结论母亲妊娠期染色体损伤水平对低体重早产儿的支气管肺发育不良可能存在病因学联系。Objective To understand the relative influence of perinatal factors on the occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) by investigating the perinatal indicators of low birth weight newborns.Methods From January 2014 to June 2017,150 low birth weight newborns in the hospital were selected as the research subjects.Among them,113 people did not develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia and were classified as non-BPD group.37 people developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia and were classified as BPD group.Fill in and collect demographic and health related information of newborns and mothers through the hospital registration information system.Results The gestational age of the BPD group was(28.1±1.6) weeks,which was significantly lower than that of the non-BPD group of(29.0±2.1) weeks,the difference was statistically significant(t=2.388,P=0.018).The proportion of very low birth weight in the BPD group was 56.8%,significantly higher than that in the non-BPD group(21.2%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).There was no statistical difference in gender composition between the two groups(P>0.05).The results of univariate analysis showed:the micronucleus rate of mothers,the incidence rate of abnormal birth history,neonatal asphyxia,RDS,infectious pneumonia,the rates of apnea,PDA,hypoproteinemia,mechanical ventilation,and CPAP in the BPD group were significantly higher than those in the non-BPD group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression results showed that the increase in maternal micronucleus rate during pregnancy was a risk factor for BPD,and the increase in birth months was the protective effect of BPD(P<0.05).Conclusion The level of maternal chromosomal damage during pregnancy may have an etiological link to bronchopulmonary dysplasia in low birth weight preterm infants.

关 键 词：母体染色体损伤 支气管肺发育不良 危险因素 早产 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]