云冷杉林分空间结构对林下灌木物种多样性的影响  

Effects of Stand Spatial Structure on Understory Shrub Species Diversity of Spruce-fir Forest

作　　者：刘丽[1] 王新杰[1] 和敬渊 Liu Li;Wang Xinjie;He Jingyuan(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第1期27-32,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC050410101)。

摘　　要：为研究天然针阔混交林林分的物种多样性,以吉林省汪清县金沟岭林场云冷杉天然针阔混交林为研究对象,设置12块不同择伐强度的样地,采用灰色关联分析法分析林分空间结构和林下灌木物种多样性的关系,以及不同择伐强度对林分空间结构及林下灌木物种多样性的影响。结果表明:(1)择伐23 a后,择伐对角尺度和胸径大小比数影响不显著,对混交度的影响显著(P<0.05),各样地林分混交度由大到小的顺序为中度择伐、对照、弱度择伐、重度择伐;择伐对林分空间结构指数影响不显著。(2)择伐23 a后,不同择伐强度样地林下灌木物种多样性差异不显著;择伐33 a后,择伐对林下灌木物种多样性具有显著影响(P<0.05),对弱度择伐、中度择伐样地的影响大于重度择伐和对照样地。(3)择伐23 a后,胸径大小比数对林下灌木物种多样性的影响最大,择伐33 a后,混交度对林下灌木物种多样性的影响最大。因此,弱度或中度择伐更有利于稳定该地区云冷杉针阔混交林的林分空间结构,同时择伐以调整林分间林木大小径阶树木比例及树种结构为主,将有利于提高云冷杉针阔混交林林下灌木物种多样性。In order to study the species diversity of natural coniferous and broad-leaved mixed stands,12 typical plots of natural spruce-fir secondary forest under 4 selective cutting intensities were established as the research object in Jingouling Forest Farm,Wangqing Country,Jilin Province,northeastern China.We explored the influence mechanism by variance analysis method and grey correlation analysis method.The results showed that:(1)After 23-a selective cutting,selective cutting had no significant effect on mingling degree and uniform angle index of DBH,but had significant effect on neighborhood comparison(P<0.05).The order of neighborhood comparison from large to small was moderate selective cutting,control,weak selective cutting and severe selective cutting.Selective cutting had no significant effect on stand spatial structure index.(2)After 23-a selective cutting,selective cutting had no significant effect on the species diversity index of the understory shrub.The 33-a after selective cutting,selective cutting had significant effect on the species diversity index of the understory shrub(P<0.05).And the effect of weak and moderate selective felling was greater than that of severe and normal felling.(3)After 23-a selective cutting,uniform angle index of DBH had the greatest impact on the species diversity of understory shrub.After 33-a selective cutting,neighborhood comparison had the greatest impact on the species diversity of understory shrub.Therefore,weak and moderate selective cutting are more conducive to stabilizing the spatial structure of natural spruce-fir mixed forest.Meanwhile,selective cutting is mainly to adjust the ratio of tree sizes and tree species structure.This method will mainly help to increase the species diversity of understory shrub in the natural spruce-fir mixed forest.

关 键 词：云杉 冷杉 择伐 空间结构 物种多样性 灰色关联 

分 类 号：S753.9[农业科学—森林经理学]