枸杞属植物中生物碱类成分研究进展  

Advance on alkaloids of Lycium genus

作　　者：刘建飞[1] 巩媛 杨军丽[1,2] 邸多隆 Jianfei Liu;Yuan Gong;Junli Yang;Duolong Di(CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所,中国科学院西北特色植物资源化学重点实验室/甘肃省天然药物重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《科学通报》2022年第4期332-350,共19页Chinese Science Bulletin

摘　　要：枸杞属(Lycium L.)属于茄科(Solanaceae)茄族(Solaneae)枸杞亚族(Lyciinae),在我国有7个种和3个变种.其中宁夏枸杞(L.barbarum L.)的果实“枸杞子”是我国名贵中药材,具有滋补肝肾、益精明目的传统功效,也是享誉古今中外的滋补佳品.枸杞属植物具有调节免疫力、抗氧化、缓解体力疲劳、抗阿尔茨海默病、抗败血症、保护生殖系统、保护神经系统、防治眼部疾病、增强造血功能、提高性能力等功效.主要化学成分包括多糖、类胡萝卜素、黄酮、生物碱、苯丙素以及其他小分子和微量元素,其中生物碱被认为是主要活性成分之一.本文主要针对枸杞属植物中已报道的124个生物碱类化学成分及其生物活性进行总结分析和展望,为枸杞传统药用功效的现代药物研究和临床应用,以及枸杞属植物资源的高值化可持续利用提供科学参考.Natural products derived from medicinal and edible plants,such as polysaccharides,polyphenols,flavonoids,and alkaloids,are a valuable source of potential drug candidates and have attracted interest for their rich structural motifs and diverse physiological activities.Therefore,the discovery of new natural products with unique structures and potential bioactivity from esculent resources has emerged as a promising approach for drug research.In the Solanaceae family,plants of the genus Lycium are relatively abundant,containing about 80 species of plants.Of these,seven species and three varieties are found in China where L.barbarum L.,L.chinense Mill.,and L.ruthenicum Murr.are most common.Among them,L.barbarum L.and L.ruthenicum Murr are also major medicinal and edible plant resources in Northwest China.“Gou Qi Zi”,also known as Goji or Goji berry,are fruit from L.barbarum L.,which has been used as a valuable traditional Chinese herbal medicine and functional food for 2500 years.The earliest recorded mention of these berries is found in the oracle bone script(Jiaguwen)of the Shang Dynasty(1600−1040 BE).Goji berries and Cortex Lycii,which is derived from the root bark of L.chinense and L.barbarum,have many pharmacological functions,such as hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic,immuno-modulatory,antioxidant,anti-aging,neuroprotective,and antiAlzheimer’s disease properties.Medical and pharmaceutical knowledge regarding L.barbarum has been recorded and summarized in Shennong’s Root and Herbal Classic(Shennong bencao jing)and isolated products are highly desired medicines and contribute to longevity.Li Shizhen also summarized the health and tonic effects of Goji berries in the Compendium of Materia Medica.Many researchers have focused significant attention on the Lycium genus in recent years and various chemical components have been isolated.Phytochemical studies have revealed that the genus Lycium possesses an abundance of secondary metabolites,such as glycerogalactolipids,phenylpropanoids,coumarins,lignans,flavonoids,ami

关 键 词：枸杞属 生物碱 分子结构 生物活性 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]