水氮互作对新疆粳稻‘新稻11号’产量、品质和群体结构的影响  

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Interaction on Yield, Quality and Population Structure of Japonica Rice ’Xindao11’ in Xinjiang

作　　者：贾春平[1] 王奉斌[1] 袁杰[1] 张燕红[1] 赵志强[1] 布哈丽且木·阿不力孜 Jia Chunping;Wang Fengbin;Yuan Jie;Zhang Yanhong;Zhao Zhiqiang;Abulizi·Buhaliqiemu(Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi,830091)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2022年第2期555-563,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区青年基金项目(2018D01B27)资助。

摘　　要：本研究在田间试验条件下,利用新疆主栽粳稻品种‘新稻11号’为材料,设置5种灌溉方式及1种实地氮肥管理模式,探索不同水氮互作模式对其产量、品质和群体结构的影响。产量相关性和因子分析结果表明,每穗粒数和每株穗数与产量分别呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)和显著正相关(P<0.05)。在不同水氮互作模式下,相较于对照,产量构成因子中的这两者是实现增产的主要原因。品质分析结果表明,相较于对照,不同水氮互作模式下,营养与蒸煮食味品质构成因素中蛋白质含量增加呈显著性差异(P<0.05)且食味值评分下降呈显著性差异(P<0.05)。群体结构分析结果表明,相较于对照,不同水氮互作模式下,叶面积指数增加呈显著性差异(P<0.05),SPAD值增大呈极显著性差异(P<0.01),灌溉水利用效率提升呈显著性差异(P<0.05)和氮素利用效率上升呈极显著性差异(P<0.01)。新疆粳稻生产栽培管理中,W_(3)N_(1)处理为较为理想的水氮互作高效组合模式,可以实现高产优质水稻生产,为互作机理研究和优质高效栽培技术提供理论基础。In this research, under field test conditions, using main japonica rice variety ’Xindao11’ in Xinjiang as material, 5 irrigation methods and 1 field nitrogen fertilizer management mode were set up to explore the effects of different water-nitrogen interaction modes on yield, quality and population structure. Yield correlation and factor analysis results showed that the number of grains per panicle and the number of spikes per plant were extremely significant positive correlation(P<0.01) and significant positive correlation(P<0.05), respectively. Compared with the control under different water-nitrogen interaction modes, the two of the yield component factors are the main reasons for the increase in yield. The results of quality analysis showed that compared with the control, there was a significant difference(P<0.05) in the increase of protein content in the components of nutrition and cooking taste quality, and a significant difference(P<0.05) in the decrease of taste score. The results of population structure analysis showed that, compared with the control, under different water nitrogen interaction modes, the leaf area index increased significantly(P<0.05), the SPAD value increased significantly(P<0.01), the irrigation water use efficiency increased significantly(P<0.05), and the nitrogen use efficiency increased significantly(P<0.01). In the production and management of japonica rice in Xinjiang, W_(3)N_(1) treatment is adopted as an ideal combination mode of water and nitrogen interaction, which can achieve high-yield and high-quality rice production. Meanwhile, it can also provide theoretical basis and effective reference for the study of interaction mechanism and high-quality and efficient cultivation techniques.

关 键 词：新疆粳稻 水氮互作 产量品质 群体结构 利用效率 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]