血管衰老及心血管疾病  

Vascular aging and cardiovascular diseases

作　　者：赵雅 吴安东 廖立勇 刘曼 龚雪婷 田小利[1] ZHAO Ya;WU An Dong;LIAO Li Yong;LIU Man;GONG Xue Ting;TIAN Xiao Li(Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Sciences,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学生命科学学院及人类衰老研究所,南昌330031

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2022年第2期138-150,共13页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号:2013CB530700);国家重点研发计划(批准号:2020YFC2002900);国家自然科学基金(批准号:81630034);江西省科技厅基础研究计划重点项目(批准号:20192ACB70002);重点研发计划(批准号:20181ACB20017);基地与人才计划(批准号:20181BCD40001)资助。

摘　　要：血管衰老是高血压、冠心病、主动脉夹层等心血管疾病的独立危险因素,而血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞的衰老则是血管衰老的细胞学基础.本文主要讨论了内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞衰老的形态学特征、分子标志物以及衰老的机制;阐述了单细胞测序、细胞衰老清理(senolytics)技术和遗传在血管细胞衰老及老年血管疾病诊断和治疗中的研究进展;最后,展望和探讨了通过靶向清除、药物及运动和营养等干预手段,延缓血管细胞衰老、促进血管健康,达到减少和延迟老年疾病的可能性.Vascular aging is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases(CVD),such as hypertension,coronary artery disease and aortic dissection.The senescence of vascular endothelial cell(EC)and smooth muscle cell(SMC)is the basis of vascular aging.Here,we discussed the morphological characteristics,molecular markers and the mechanisms of senescent EC and SMC,reviewed the advances in single-cell sequencing,senolytics and genetics in vascular cellular senescence and cardiovascular diseases in aging.Finally,the possibilities of delaying senescence,promoting vascular health and reducing age-related diseases by senolytics,drugs,exercise and nutrition were discussed.

关 键 词：血管衰老 衰老标志 细胞衰老 衰老细胞清除 老年血管疾病 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]