天南星炮制前后主要化学成分含量变化研究  

Study on chemical composition changes of Arisaematis Rhizoma before and after processing

作　　者：祁春艳 王晶[1] 武旭 张桥[1,2] 宋艺君 赵重博[1,2] 吴建华 QI Chun-yan;WANG Jing;WU Xu;ZHANG Qiao;SONG Yi-jun;ZHAO Chong-bo;WU Jian-hua(Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang 712046,China;Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Heritage Base,Xianyang 712046,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学,陕西咸阳712046 [2]陕西省中药中药炮制技术传承基地,陕西咸阳712046

出　　处：《中草药》2022年第1期87-98,共12页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(81803732);陕西省教育厅自然科学专项(20JK0598);陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2021SF-385)。

摘　　要：目的建立天南星化学成分的含量测定方法,比较炮制前后的含量变化,研究炮制过程中含量变化的规律。方法分别采用扫描电子显微镜、UV、HPLC、BCA蛋白浓度测定试剂盒对天南星炮制前后的草酸钙针晶的形态,草酸钙、总黄酮、总皂苷、总生物碱、多糖类以及蛋白质、尿苷、腺苷、胸腺嘧啶核苷、鸟苷、次黄嘌呤、夏佛塔苷、异夏佛塔苷、肌苷的含量进行研究。结果加入白矾炮制的样品草酸钙针晶结构发生明显变化;加少量白矾浸泡样品草酸钙针晶含量最高,单纯加大量白矾煎煮最低;总黄酮的含量生天南星最高,长时间浸泡含量最低;总皂苷的含量生天南星最高,单纯加大量白矾煎煮最低;总生物碱的含量生天南星最高,水煎煮样品含量最低;多糖的含量单纯生姜煎煮最高,水煎煮样品最低;总蛋白的含量生天南星最高,《中国药典》制天南星最低。尿苷、腺苷、尿苷、夏佛塔苷等化学成分在炮制过程中均发生不同程度的变化。结论天南星中的化学成分在炮制过程中均发生不同程度的变化,其中加入白矾处理对成分影响最大,加入辅料的顺序以及水煎煮处理均可使天南星化学成分含量发生变化,为制天南星炮制机制研究提供借鉴。Objective Six kinds of chemical components were determined and analyzed simply from Tiannanxing(Arisaematis Rhizoma, AR) before and after processing. Methods Scanning electron microscope, UV, HPLC and BCA protein concentration determination kit were used to study the morphology of calcium oxalate needle crystals, the contents of oxalic acid, flavonoids,saponins, alkaloids, polysaccharides, protein, uridine, adenosine, thymidine, guanosine, hypoxanthine, chafotalin, isochafotalin and inosine before and after processing of AR. Results Needle crystal structure of calcium oxalate processed by adding Alumen changed obviously;The content of oxalic acid was the highest when it was soaked with a small amount of Alumen, and the lowest when it was only boiled with a large amount of Alumen;The content of total flavonoids was the highest in raw AR and the lowest in long-time soaking;The content of total saponins was the highest in raw AR, and the lowest in simple decoction with a large amount of Alumen;The content of total alkaloids in AR was the highest and that in water decoction was the lowest;The content of polysaccharide in Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens was the highest, while that in water was the lowest;The content of total protein was the highest in raw and the lowest in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Chemical components such as uridine, adenosine, uridine, and shafutaside changed in different degrees during processing. Conclusion Six kinds of chemical components in RA have different degrees of changes in the processing process, and the addition of Alumen treatment has the greatest impact on the components. The order of adding excipients and water decoction treatment can change the content of chemical components in AR, which provides a reference for the research on the processing mechanism of AR.

关 键 词：天南星 炮制 HPLC 紫外-分光光度法 草酸钙 草酸 黄酮 皂苷 生物碱 多糖 蛋白质 尿苷 腺苷 胸腺嘧啶核苷 鸟苷 次黄嘌呤 夏佛塔苷 异夏佛塔苷 肌苷 白矾 生姜 

分 类 号：R283.1[医药卫生—中药学]