家庭生活实际污渍布的开发及性能评价  

Development and performance evaluation of actual household stained cloth

作　　者：刘蓉 熊明[3] 周存玲 崔阅馨 周澳 周立亚 丁雪梅 LIU Rong;XIONG Ming;ZHOU Cunling;CUI Yuexin;ZHOU Ao;ZHOU Liya;DING Xuemei(College of Fashion and Design,Donghua University,Shanghai 200051,China;Key Laboratory of Clothing Design&Technology Ministry of Education,Donghua University,Shanghai 200051,China;Research and Development Center,Wuxi Little Swan Electric Co.,Ltd.,Wuxi 214028,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学服装与艺术设计学院,上海200051 [2]东华大学现代服装设计与技术教育部重点实验室,上海200051 [3]无锡小天鹅电器有限公司研发中心,江苏无锡214000

出　　处：《丝绸》2022年第3期45-51,共7页Journal of Silk

摘　　要：选取家庭生活中常见的15种污渍,包括酱油、红酒、咖啡、草渍、血渍、炭黑、番茄酱、可可牛奶、泥渍、花生酱、花生油、辣椒油、机械润滑油、猪油、口红,以针织纯棉布、针织纯涤纶布为基布,通过点染法、刮涂法和填涂法制作污渍布。采用洗衣机洗涤程序的去污效果评价污渍布的质量。结果表明:所制备污渍布的最佳老化条件为温度60℃,时间2 h;污渍布洗前反射率差异较小,满足涂染均匀性要求;污渍布在强度不同的洗涤程序下洗净率差异具有显著性,满足洗涤敏感性要求;污渍布在同种洗涤程序下洗净率稳定性较好,满足洗涤稳定性要求;污渍布在低温密封条件下存放30 d的洗净率变化较小,具有良好的储存稳定性。Cleaning performance is the most important index to evaluate the detergency performance of washing machines and detergents.With the continuous development of the washing industry,the corresponding evaluation methods are also evolving.The stained cloth is adopted as the test object for the detergency performance of washing machines and detergents.At present,China’s washing industry mainly adopts three kinds of standard stained cloths(carbon black,sebum and protein)specified in GB/T 4288-2018 for the testing of detergency performance.In the corresponding international standard EN 60456,the combined stained cloth is used to test the detergency performance.Swissatest Testmaterialien AG and wfk-Testgewebe GmbH have developed dozens of stained cloths,including starch stained cloth,lipstick stained cloth,and cosmetic stained cloth.However,the stain components of these stained cloths greatly differ from the real life.Firstly,in order to ensure the stability and fouling absorption effect of stained cloth,it is a common practice to add a certain amount of stabilizers and adhesives.Secondly,the standard stained cloth is made by immersing the whole base cloth in the stained solution with a large amount of stains,leading to the maximization of washing time,detergent dosage and other indicators in optimizing the washing performance.However,as the stain amount is relatively small in domestic life,the testing and optimization of washing performance with standard stained cloth would easily lead to excessive washing of clothes,damage to clothes,and waste of energy.In order to address the above problems,this paper intends to develop a new type of stained cloth in domestic life.15 common household stains are selected,including soy sauce,red wine,coffee,grass stains,blood stains,carbon black,ketchup,cocoa milk,mud stains,peanut butter,peanut oil,chili oil,mechanical lubricant,lard,and lipstick.Taking knitted 100%cotton cloth and knitted 100%polyester cloth as the base cloth,the stained cloth is made using spot dyeing method,scrapin

关 键 词：污渍 污渍布 棉基 涤纶基 洗净率 均匀性 敏感性 稳定性 

分 类 号：TS190.92[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程] TQ649[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]