不同苗后茎叶除草剂对野牛草初建草坪杂草的防效及安全性评价  

Weed-control effectiveness of different post-emergence stem and leaf herbicides in first-established turf of buffalograss and their safety evaluations

作　　者：张佳雨 焦越佳 邹博坤 王欣铭 褚章彬 钱永强[1] ZHANG Jiayu;JIAO Yuejia;ZOU Bokun;WANG Xinming;CHU Zhangshan;QIAN Yongqiang(Institute of Ecological Protection and Restoration,Chinese Academy of Forestry/Grassland Research Center,National Forestry and Grassland Adminstration,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所/国家林业和草原局草原研究中心,北京100091

出　　处：《草业科学》2022年第2期247-253,共7页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2019ZE001);泰山产业领军人才项目(tscy20180536)。

摘　　要：为有效防除野牛草(Buchloe dactyloides)草坪杂草、提高野牛草建坪质量,以野牛草初建草坪为研究对象,在对杂草谱构成与生物学特性调查的基础上,对不同苗后茎叶除草剂的杂草的防除效果及对野牛草的安全性进行了比较分析。结果表明:施药后第15天,灭草松和乙羧氟草醚对阔叶杂草的株防效较高,分别为88.76%和88.30%,苯唑草酮对禾本科杂草的株防效最高,为90.02%;第30天,苯唑草酮对阔叶杂草和禾本科杂草的鲜重防效均最高,分别为97.89%和89.51%。二氯吡啶酸对野牛草株高生长影响最小,株高抑制率为7.11%,新生匍匐茎为1.6个;氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和精噁唑禾草灵对野牛草生长影响较大,株高抑制率均超过50%,其中精噁唑禾草灵严重抑制新生匍匐茎的形成。综合杂草防效及对野牛草的安全性,以苯唑草酮为野牛草最适除草剂。In order to effectively control weeds and improve the turf-building quality of buffalograss(Buchloe dactyloides),based on an investigation of weed spectrum composition and biological characteristics,the weed control effect and safety of different post-emergence stem herbicides after seedling were compared and analyzed.The results showed that on the 15th day after application,the highest effectiveness of bentazone and fluoroglycofen-ethyl on broadleaf weeds was 88.76%and 88.30%,respectively,and the highest efficacy of topramezone on gramineous weeds was 90.02%.On the 30th day,the highest effectiveness of topramezone on broadleaf and gramineous weeds was 97.89%and 89.51%,respectively.Clopyralid had the smallest effect on the growth of buffalograss,with 7.11%inhibition of plant height and 1.6 new stolons,whereas fluroxypr-mepthyl and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl had the largest effect on the growth of buffalograss,with more than 50%inhibition of plant height,and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl severely inhibited the formation of new stolons.Weed control effectiveness and safety for buffalograss were considered,and the topramezone was the most appropriate herbicide for buffalograss.

关 键 词：野牛草 苗后除草剂 杂草防效 安全性 禾本科杂草 阔叶杂草 苯唑草酮 

分 类 号：S451.244[农业科学—植物保护]