湖羊不同阶段体重遗传参数与育种值估计及其与饲料效率性状的遗传相关  

Estimation of genetic parameters and breeding value of body weight at different stages of Hu sheep growth and development and genetic correlations with key feed efficiency indices

作　　者：赵源 张德印 张煜坤 张小雪[1] 李晓龙 宋其志 周步博 林长春 赵利明 王江荟 徐丹 程江博 李文馨 王维民[1] ZHAO Yuan;ZHANG Deyin;ZHANG Yukun;ZHANG Xiaoxue;LI Xiaolong;SONG Qizhi;ZHOU Bubo;LIN Changchun;ZHAO Liming;WANG Jianghui;XU Dan;CHENG Jiangbo;LI Wenxin;WANG Weimin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业科学》2022年第2期352-361,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760651);国家畜禽良种联合攻关计划(19200140);2020年现代丝路寒旱农业科技支撑项目。

摘　　要：本研究旨在通过优化普通动物模型估计湖羊生长性状遗传参数,为湖羊选育提供参考。选取系谱记录完整的初生湖羊公羔,称取初生重、断奶重、100 d和180 d体重,并采用单栏测定100~180 d的采食量,通过ASReml-R软件利用约束最大似然法(REML)对遗传参数进行估计,利用最佳线性无偏估计法(BLUP)估算各阶段体重育种值。结果显示,湖羊各阶段体重母体永久环境效应方差组分显著(P<0.05),湖羊初生重、断奶重、100日龄体重和180日龄体重的遗传力估计值为0.43、0.27、0.46和0.41。不同体重间遗传和表型相关范围分别是0.38~0.97和0.25~0.84。饲料转化率(FCR)与体重之间遗传和表型相关分别为0.09~0.74和0.05~0.51。剩余采食量(RFI)与体重之间的遗传和表型相关分别为−0.04~0.26和−0.15~0.039。结果表明,母体效应显著影响个体体重(P<0.05),湖羊不同日龄阶段体重均属于中等遗传力性状,饲料效率相关性状与不同日龄阶段体重遗传表型相关差异较大,需慎重选择,以免经济效益降低。在早期选择中选择100日龄体重可以最大化改善育肥阶段体重增益。In this study,we sought to determine variance components and genetic parameters for the body weight traits of Hu sheep at different stages of growth and development,thereby providing a reference for Hu sheep breeding.In 2018 and 2019,we selected new-born male Hu lambs with complete pedigree records,and used the birth weight,weaning weight,and 100-and 180-day body weights to determine the feed intake from 100 to 180 days of age.Variance components were estimated based on a restricted maximum likelihood algorithm using ASREML-R,and body weight breeding values were estimated based on the best linear unbiased prediction at each test period.The results revealed that the variance of maternal permanent environmental effects was significant at different body weight stages(P<0.05).The estimated heritabilities of birth weight,weaning weight,and body weight at 100 and 180 days of age were 0.43,0.27,0.46,and 0.41,respectively.The genetic and phenotypic correlations between different body weights ranged from 0.38 to 0.97 and from 0.25 to 0.84,respectively.The genetic and phenotypic correlations between feed conversion rate and body weight were 0.09~0.74 and 0.05~0.51,respectively,whereas the genetic and phenotypic correlations between residual feed intake and body weight ranged from−0.04 to 0.26 and from−0.15 to 0.039,respectively.We concluded that in Hu sheep,maternal effects have an important influence on the growth rate of lambs.Medium and high body weight heritability were identified at different growth stages,whereas we detected large differences among the genetic and phenotypes correlations between selected feed efficiency traits and body weight at different growth stages.Accordingly,careful selection at an early stage is necessary to reduce potential losses in economic benefits.If selection is practiced at an age of 100 days,improvement would be seen at an age of 180 days.

关 键 词：早期选择 体重 饲料转化率 剩余采食量 遗传力 模型优化 育种 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]