日粮蛋白水平对小尾寒羊羔羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、氮排放和血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of dietary protein levels on growth,nutrient apparent digestibility,nitrogen emission and serum biochemical indices of small-tailed lambs of Han sheep

作　　者：姚喜喜 刘皓栋 YAO Xixi;LIU Haodong(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xi’ning 810016,Qinghai,China;Gansu Polytechnic College of Animal Husbandry&Engineering,Wuwei 733006,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [2]甘肃畜牧工程职业技术学院,甘肃武威733006

出　　处：《草业科学》2022年第2期362-370,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：甘肃省高等学校创新基金(2021A-270);甘肃畜牧工程职业技术学院院列项目(GMY202004);青海大学科研启动费资金项目(41510406)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同蛋白水平日粮对小尾寒羊公羔生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、氮排放和血清生化指标的影响,以期为小尾寒羊羔羊低蛋白科学饲养提供理论依据。试验选取36只体重相近[(18.05±1.36)kg]、健康状况良好的3月龄小尾寒羊公羔,随机分为3组,每组12只。Ⅰ组饲喂低蛋白水平日粮(12.00%),Ⅱ组饲喂中等蛋白水平日粮(13.40%),Ⅲ组饲喂高蛋白水平日粮(14.80%),各试验组的日粮代谢能水平相同(10.50 MJ·kg^(−1))。试验预试期14 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:1)日粮蛋白质水平对育肥羔羊有机物质采食量(OMI)、粗蛋白采食量(CPI)、平均日增重(ADG)和料重比(F/G)有显著影响(P<0.05);Ⅰ组育肥羔羊OMI极显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ组育肥羔羊CPI、ADG和F/G显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。2)日粮蛋白质水平对育肥羔羊干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率有显著影响(P<0.05);Ⅲ组育肥羔羊DM、OM和ADF表观消化率显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组育肥羔羊CP和NDF表观消化率显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。3)日粮蛋白质水平对育肥羔羊氮摄入量、粪氮排出量、尿氮排出量、总氮排出量和氮存留量影响显著(P<0.05);Ⅲ组育肥羔羊氮摄入量、尿氮排出量和总氮排出量显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ组育肥羔羊粪氮排出量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组育肥羔羊氮存留量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。4)日粮蛋白质水平对育肥羔羊血清尿氮、葡萄糖、丙氨酸转氨酶、总胆红素、肌酐、低密度脂蛋白和非酯化脂肪酸含量有显著影响(P<0.05);Ⅲ组育肥羔羊血液尿氮含量显著高于Ⅱ组和Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ组育肥羔羊葡萄糖含量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅰ组育肥羔羊丙氨酸转氨酶和总胆红素含量显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05);Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组育肥羔羊肌酐和低密度脂蛋白含量显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05);ⅠThis experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary protein levels on growth,apparent digestibility,nitrogen emission and serum biochemical indices of male lambs of small-tailed Han sheep to a provide theoretical basis for low protein scientific feeding of small-tailed Han lambs.Thirty-six 3-month-old male lambs with similar body weight[(18.05±1.36)kg]and good health were randomly divided into three groups with 12 lambs in each group.GroupⅠwas fed a diet with a low level of protein(12.00%),group II was fed a diet with a medium level of protein(13.40%),groupⅢwas fed a diet with a high level of protein(14.80%),and the dietary metabolizable energy level of each experimental group was the same(10.50 MJ·kg^(−1)).The pre-trial period lasted for 14 days,and the trial period lasted for 90 days.The results demonstrated that:1)dietary protein intake had significant effects on organic matter(OMI)and crude protein intake(CPI),average daily gain(ADG)and feed to gain(F/G)of fattening lambs(P<0.05).The OMI of fattening lambs in groupⅠwas significantly higher than that in groupⅢ(P<0.05).CPI,ADG and F/G of fattening lambs in groupⅢwere significantly higher than those in groupsⅠandⅡ(P<0.05).2)dietary protein intake had significant effects on the apparent digestibility of dry matter(DM),organic matter(OM),crude protein(CP),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)of fattening lambs(P<0.05).Apparent digestibility of DM,OM and ADF of fattening lambs in groupsⅡandⅢwere significantly higher than those in groupⅠ(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of CP and NDF in groupsⅡandⅢwas significantly higher than that in groupⅠ(P<0.05).3)dietary protein intake had significant effects on nitrogen intake,excretion of fecal nitrogen,urinary nitrogen and total nitrogen,and nitrogen retention of fattening lambs(P<0.05).Nitrogen intake,urinary nitrogen excretion and total nitrogen excretion of faltering lambs in groupⅢwere significantly higher than those in groupsⅠandⅡ(P<0.05

关 键 词：育肥羔羊 日粮 营养水平 生产性能 氮代谢 血液指标 

分 类 号：S826.5[农业科学—畜牧学]