药食用菌新品种保护及DUS测试指南研制现状与展望  

Development status and perspective of new varieties protection and DUS test guide for medicinal and edible fungi

作　　者：刘晓柳 钟灿 谢景[1,2] 侯凤飞 戴甲木 张水寒 金剑[1,2] LIU Xiao-liu;ZHONG Can;XIE Jing;HOU Feng-fei;DAI Jia-mu;ZHANG Shui-han;JIN Jian(Academy of Chinese Medicine,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410208,China;Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410013,China;Hunan Butian Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410017,China;Hunan Fuling Engineering Technology Research Center,Changsha 410017,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南中医药大学中医药研究院,湖南长沙410208 [2]湖南省中医药研究院中药研究所,湖南长沙410013 [3]湖南补天药业股份有限公司,湖南长沙410017 [4]湖南省茯苓工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410017

出　　处：《中草药》2022年第4期1173-1180,共8页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划项目(2022NK2005);湖南创新型省份建设专项(2020SK2029、2020NK4197);长沙市杰出创新青年培养计划项目(kq2009084);2018年中医药公共卫生服务补助专项“全国中药资源普查”(财社[2018]43号)。

摘　　要：药食用菌是具有多种生物学功能的重要生物类群。近年来,我国越来越重视药食用菌的研究和利用,药食用菌产业快速发展,新品种保护以及品种权等问题成为影响产业发展的关键因素。介绍了我国农业农村部颁布的13个药食用菌类DUS[特异性(distinctness)、一致性(uniformity)和稳定性(stability)]测试指南,对农业农村部药食用菌DUS测试指南的范围、颁布时间、主要内容、提交材料要求和测试性状等进行了解读和分析,概述了药食用菌DUS测试指南研制及测试技术研究现状,论述了药食用菌新品种的发展历程及申请授权情况,对药食用菌新品种保护和DUS测试技术发展提出建议。Medicinal and edible fungi are important biological groups with many biological functions.In recent years,more and more attention has been paid to research and utilization of medicinal and edible fungi in China.The industry and species of medicinal and edible fungi are rapidly diversified,and the problems of new variety protection and variety rights are becoming prominent.Thirteen DUS(distinctness,uniformity and stability)testing guidelines for fungi issued by Ministry of Agriculture and rural areas are introduced in this paper,and the scope,issuing time,main contents,submission requirements and test characteristics of DUS testing guidelines for fungi issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and rural areas are interpreted and analyzed.The development of DUS test guide for medicinal and edible fungi and research status of test technology are summarized.The development process and application for authorization of new varieties of edible fungi are discussed.Finally,suggestions on protection of new varieties of medicinal and edible fungi and development and existing problems of DUS testing technology are put forward.

关 键 词：药食用菌 DNA分子标记技术 特异性 一致性 稳定性 品种权 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]