生态安全概念框架在景观规划中的应用综述  

A Review of the Application of Ecological Security Conceptual Framework in Landscape Planning

作　　者：岳邦瑞[1] 朱宗斌 潘卫涛 YUE Bangrui;ZHU Zongbin;PAN Weitao(School of Architecture,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi,China,710055)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,西安710055

出　　处：《园林》2022年第3期87-95,共9页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“秦岭北麓环境敏感区生态风险评价及空间管控”(编号:51578437);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重大(重点)项目“宁夏农宅设计人居研究”(编号:2019BBF02014)。

摘　　要：研究目标:生态安全是对生态系统预期状态的程度保障,降低风险和提高抗性是维持目标的基本途径;经过多学科之间的持续研究和不断融合,生态安全逐渐形成了系统理论、方法、工具以及实践应用。基于生态安全概念的多学科对话,围绕生态安全概念框架在景观规划领域的研究与实践展开综述,以期为我国生态文明建设战略的落地实施提供参考。研究方法:通过文献检索,采用综合分析方法对生态安全介入景观规划的历史阶段进行梳理;按照不同学科与生态安全的理论和实践关系,比较其在空间应用的途径。研究结果:(1)基于“研究对象(Object)—研究问题(Problem)—理论工具(Tools)”提出生态安全多学科概念框架;(2)提出景观规划角度的生态安全概念;(3)生态安全概念介入景观规划经历生态安全意识萌芽、生态安全格局理论主导、生态安全格局多元优化三个阶段;(4)生态安全空间实现主要有生态安全格局和生态基础设施两种途径,二者是生态安全在空间应用不同阶段和领域的具体体现。研究结论:应进一步加强学科交流,在理论研究与实践方面构建“规范—机制—实践”的一体化框架;探索空间机制研究,使景观在时空结构中达到最佳状态;考虑跨尺度等级的生态安全格局构建,并加强不同情景下的动态预测研究;权衡协同生态系统服务功能与经济社会功能,建立生态安全阈值研究的基础模型。Objectives:Ecological security is the degree guarantee to the expected state of ecosystem,reducing risk and improving resistance are the basic ways to maintain the target.Through the continuous research and integration of multi-disciplines,ecological security has gradually formed a systematic theory,method,tool and practical application.Multidisciplinary dialogue based on the concept of ecological security,this paper reviews the research and practice of the concept framework of ecological security in the field of landscape planning in order to provide reference for the implementation of China’s ecological civilization construction strategy.Methods:Through literature retrieval and comprehensive analysis method,the historical stage of ecological security involvement in landscape planning was sorted out.According to the theoretical and practical relationship between different disciplines and ecological security,the ways of its application in space are compared.Results:(1) A multidisciplinary conceptual framework of ecological security was proposed based on “Object-Problem-Tools”;(2) Put forward the concept of ecological security from the perspective of landscape planning;(3) the concept of ecological security is involved in landscape planning through three stages:the germination of ecological security consciousness,the dominance of ecological security pattern theory,and the multiple optimization of ecological security pattern;(4) The spatial realization of ecological security mainly includes two ways,ecological security pattern and ecological infrastructure,which are the concrete embodiment of ecological security in different stages and fields of spatial application.Conclusion:It is necessary to strengthen disciplinary exchanges and construct an integrated framework of “normal-mechanism-practice” in theoretical research and practice.Explore the mechanism of space,so that the landscape in the space-time structure to achieve the best state;Considering the construction of cross-scale ecological security patte

关 键 词：风景园林 景观规划 生态安全 生态安全格局 生态基础设施 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]