清水冲刷山溪性卵石河流河床粗化室内试验研究  

Laboratory experimental study on roughening of riverbed of mountain-stream pebble rivers scoured by clear water

作　　者：叶芳 刘焕芳[1] 程勇 黄海涛 谢淑华 YE Fang;LIU Huanfang;CHENG Yong;HUANG Haitao;XIE Shuhua(College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China;College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2022年第3期264-269,共6页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51569029)。

摘　　要：为探究清水冲刷后山溪性卵石河床流速、粗化级配和冲刷深度的变化规律,以水槽概化模型试验为主,设置3组流量、坡度、非均匀沙,对河床变化过程进行初步研究.研究结果表明:不同工况下,测线流速与冲刷深度沿槽宽分布不均,由边壁至水槽中心呈增大趋势.流量一定、坡度增加时,测线流速与水深呈反比;坡度一定、流量增加时,测线流速与水深呈正比;引入量纲一化参数宽深比,得出适应于不同工况的测线流速分布公式.随流量、坡度的增加,河床粗化程度与冲刷深度随之增加,考虑粗颗粒对细颗粒的隐蔽程度,优化清水冲刷后床面粗化级配计算公式.应用公式计算值与实测值进行对比,结果误差较小.研究结果可合理预测河道演变趋势,为工程安全设计提供重要依据,对减少工程投资、防洪安全、航道运输及供水平衡等具有重要意义.In order to explore the change law of flow velocity,coarsening gradation and scouring depth of mountain-stream pebble riverbed after scouring by clear water,based on the flume generalized model test,three sets of flow,slope,and non-uniform sand sediment were set to conduct a preliminary study on the change process of the riverbed.The research results show that under different working conditions,the line velocity and scouring depth are unevenly distributed along the groove width,and show an increasing trend from the side wall to the groove center.When the flow rate is constant and the slope increases,the line velocity is inversely proportional to the water depth.When the slope is constant and the flow rate increases,the line velocity is proportional to the water depth.The dimensionless parameter width-depth ratio is introduced to obtain the line velocity distribution formula suitable for different working conditions.With the increase of flow and slope,the degree of riverbed coarsening and scouring depth increase.Considering the degree of concealment of coarse particles to fine particles,the calculation formula of bed surface coarsening gradation after flushing with clear water is optimized.The calculated value of the formula is compared with the measured value,and the error of the result is small.The research results can reasonably predict the evolution trend of the river course,which provide an important basis for the safety design of the project,and are of great significance to reducing project investment,flood control safety,waterway transportation and water supply balance.

关 键 词：清水冲刷 山溪性卵石 变坡水槽 流速分布 粗化级配 冲刷深度 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]