椰心叶甲扩散成灾机理与防控研究进展  

Research Advances in the Mechanisms Underlying the Successful Dispersion and the Integrated Management of Brontispa longissima Gestro

作　　者：张华峰 ZHANG Huafeng(Xiamen Greening Center,Xiamen,Fujian 361004,China;College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门市绿化中心,福建厦门361004 [2]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2022年第2期96-101,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：福建省林业科研项目(No.闽林科便函[2016]35号,No.闽林科便函[2017]3号);福建省建设科技研究开发项目(No.2017-K-90);厦门市科技惠民项目(No.3502Z20144082)。

摘　　要：椰心叶甲Brontispa longissima Gestro是我国棕榈科植物的危险性入侵害虫。研究表明,椰心叶甲具有的短距离迁移能力以及人为远距离调运带虫棕榈苗木,是造成该害虫在我国境内快速蔓延扩散的主要原因;另外,椰心叶甲的高繁殖力和产卵习性,是该害虫成功入侵并建立种群的重要因素。目前,已建立以寄生蜂释放防治为核心,结合绿僵菌施用、挂椰甲清药包等的椰心叶甲持续治理技术体系,并取得了显著的控害效果。然而,该技术体系中的生物防治存在见效慢的不足,而化学农药防治措施则存在害虫抗药性和环境污染等缺点。因此,基于椰心叶甲对寄主搜寻定位和配偶识别的化学生态学原理,研发诱杀或趋避的嗅觉行为调控技术具有重要的应用价值。本文概述了该害虫的扩散暴发成灾机制、防控技术的应用现状及其化学生态学原理研究现状,并对基于嗅觉行为调控的绿色防控技术研发进行展望,为研发椰心叶甲新型防控技术提供思路。Brontispa longissima Gestro is a notorious invasive pest in China that had caused severe economic loss to palm trees. Genetic variation of B. longissima in its invasion range indicated that the successful establishment and outbreak of this pest are mediated by multiple incursions, likely associated with its natural dispersal(short-range) and the trade of palm trees(long-range). Furthermore, the high fecundity and prolonged and adaptable oviposition period of B. longissima exacerbate its successful establishment. Now a consistent strategy for the integrated management of this pest, with the release of parasitoids as the major measure together with application of pathogenic fungi and insecticides, has been developed and widely used.However, both the biological control and the control with insecticides have obvious shortcomings. It is promising to develop an olfaction-based behaviorally manipulated technology for this pest. A review was hence made of the known mechanisms underlying the successful establishment and outbreak of B. longissima, current status on the development and application of integrated management methods for this pest and the chemicals that mediated the host location and mate recognition. An outlook for development of green pest control of this pest with olfactory-based behavioral regulation was made to provide a clue for development of a novel method for control of B. longissima.

关 键 词：椰心叶甲 生物入侵 绿色防控 入侵害虫 生物防治 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]