基于HP(Ge)γ能谱仪的某医疗机构建筑材料放射性核素检测结果  

Radionuclide Detection Results of Building Materials in a Medical Institution Based on HP(Ge)γSpectrometer

作　　者：马桥[1,2] 刘德明 刘明哲[3] 贺良国 刘冉[1,2] 邱乐平[1] Ma Qiao;Liu Deming;Liu Mingzhe;He Liangguo;Liu Ran;Qiu Leping(Institute of Occupational Health and Radiological Health,Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,China;The Center for Radiological Technology Service Quality Control of Sichuan Province,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,China;Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Nuclear Techniques in Geosciences,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu Sichuan 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心职业与辐射卫生所,四川成都610041 [2]四川省放射卫生技术服务质量控制中心,四川成都610041 [3]成都理工大学地学核技术四川省重点实验室,四川成都610059

出　　处：《医疗装备》2022年第3期22-24,31,共4页Medical Equipment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U19A2086、1274109);四川省科技计划项目(2021JDR0338、2019YFS0435);四川省科技支撑计划项目(2012SZ0179);四川省卫生健康委员会重点科研课题(16PJ398)。

摘　　要：目的基于GEM型HP(Ge)γ能谱仪对某医疗机构扩建所用建筑材料中的放射性核素进行检测,对相应核素的比活度及内、外照射指数进行计算,旨在为评估医疗职业人群的放射性健康危害提供科学依据。方法参照GB 6566-2010《建筑材料放射性核素限量》的方法和限值,利用美国ORTEC公司生产的HPULBS超低本底铅室GEM型高纯锗γ能谱仪测量系统对水泥等19种常见建筑材料中的放射性核素进行检测,并计算相应核素的比活度值及内、外照射指数,然后对结果进行评定。结果所检的19种建筑材料中的主要放射性核素为226Ra、232Th和40K,其比活度及内、外照射指数均符合国家标准限值,其中花岗岩和大理石两种天然石材中226Ra、232Th和40K的比活度较高,分别为186.4、147.3、1399.7 Bq/kg和190.2、151.6、1312.4 Bq/kg,按照GB 6566-2010相关要求,两者均属于B类装修材料。结论该医疗机构建设中所用花岗岩、大理石等天然石材类建筑材料的放射性水平比人工建筑材料稍高,空心砖的放射性水平比实心砖较低,预计对医疗职业人群所产生的放射性危害较小。Objective The radionuclides of building materials for expansion in a medical institution were detected based on GEM HP(Ge)γspectrometer,and the specific activity of the radionuclides and the internal and external exposure index of the materials were calculated,thus providing scientific assessment basis for radioactive health hazards of medical professionals.Based on the Methods According to the methods and limits in the standard of GB 6566-2010 Limits of Radionuclides in Building Materials,the radionuclides in 19 kinds of common building materials were measured by HPULBS GEM HP(Ge)γspectrometer produced by American ORTEC company.Then the specific activity value and internal and external exposure index of the corresponding radionuclides were calculated.Finally,the results were analyzed.Results The main radionuclides in the 19 kinds of detected building materials were 226Ra,232Th and 40K,and their specific activities and internal and external irradiation index values could meet the requirements of limits specified in the national standard.The specific activities of natural granite and marble were relatively high,that is,186.4,147.3,1399.7 Bq/kg and 190.2,151.6 and 1312.4 Bq/kg.They both belonged to the Grade B decoration materials according to the standard of GB 6566-2010.Conclusions In the construction of this medical institution,the radioactivity level of natural stone building materials such as granite and marble are slightly higher than artificial building materials,and the radioactivity level of hollow brick is lower than solid brick.It could be predicted that the building materials will produce little radioactive health hazards to the medical professionals.

关 键 词：医疗机构 Γ能谱仪 比活度 医疗职业人群 

分 类 号：R144[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]