南通市城区学龄前非独生儿童忽视状况  

Neglect among preschool non-only-child in urban area of Nantong City

作　　者：代倩倩 娄海琴[1] 刘维韦 陈思涵 王瑞凤 单玲玲 许占斌 DAI Qianqian;LOU Haiqin;LIU Weiwei;CHEN Sihan;WANG Ruifeng;SHAN Lingling;XU Zhanbin(Group Health Care Department,The Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Nantong University,Nantong(226018),Jiangsu Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南通大学附属妇幼保健院群体保健科,江苏226018 [2]南通市卫生高等职业技术学校药剂系 [3]义乌市妇幼保健院保健部 [4]南通大学附属妇幼保健院儿童保健科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第2期238-241,246,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：南通市卫生健康委员会青年课题项目(QA2020032)。

摘　　要：目的了解南通市学龄前非独生儿童的忽视现状及其影响因素,为非独生儿童忽视预防和干预提供理论依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,对南通市城区9所幼儿园的1141名儿童家长使用中国城市3~6岁儿童忽视评价常模量表进行问卷调查。结果学龄前儿童忽视率为28.6%,忽视度为(40.21±6.67),其中非独生儿童忽视率为32.6%,忽视度为(41.14±6.73)。非独生儿童总忽视率、身体忽视率均高于独生儿童,总忽视度和身体、情感、教育、安全、医疗忽视度维度忽视度均高于独生儿童,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)/t值分别为6.21,17.57;3.95,4.98,3.45,2.70,2.01,3.11,P值均<0.05)。不同性别、不同家庭类型儿童忽视率和忽视度差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);不同年龄、家庭子女排行儿童忽视率差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为3.59,2.99,P值均>0.05),忽视度差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.79,3.04,P值均<0.05)。家庭总月收入越高、家庭受教育程度较高、父母关系越好的儿童忽视率和忽视度均相对较低,主要照顾者为祖父母/外祖父母的儿童忽视率和忽视度均高于主要照顾者为父母的儿童,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,家庭总月收入<5000元的儿童忽视危险度是家庭总月收入≥12000元儿童的2.73倍,祖父母或外祖父母作为主要照顾者的儿童忽视危险度是父母作为主要照顾者的2.17倍,父母关系良好的儿童忽视危险度是父母关系非常好儿童的2.29倍(P值均<0.05)。结论南通市城区非独生学龄前儿童忽视状况较为严峻,改善家庭经济状况,提高父母照顾儿童的参与度,改善父母关系,有利于降低非独生儿童忽视的发生。Objective To understand the neglect status among preschool non-only-child in Nantong,and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and intervention of non-only child neglect.Methods Using the method of random cluster sampling,a total of 1141 parents of children from 9 kindergartens in the main urban area of Nantong were investigated with National Neglect Norm Scale for Children aged 3 to 6 years.Results The neglect rate of preschool children in Nantong City was 28.6%,with neglect score being(40.21±6.67).The neglect rate of non-only-child was 32.6%,with neglect score being(41.14±6.73).The total and physical neglect rate of non-only-child were higher than that of only child,and the total neglect score and physical,emotional,educational,safety,medical neglect dimensional scores were higher than that of only-child,the difference were all statistically significant(χ^(2)/t=6.21,17.57;3.95,4.98,3.45,2.70,2.01,3.11,P<0.05).In non-only-child,univariate analysis showed that there were no significant differences in neglect rate and scores among children by gender and family types(P>0.05);There was no significant difference in the child neglect rate between different age groups and children in different families(χ^(2)=3.59,2.99,P>0.05),but there was a statistically significant difference in the degree of neglect(t=2.79,3.04,P<0.05).The neglect rate and score of non-onlychild with high level of family income,parental education and parental relationship was relatively low,while the neglect rate and score in non-only-child whose grandparents serving as primary caregiver were higher(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that family monthly income less than 5000 yuan was associated with 2.73-times higher risk of neglect compared to children with family monthly income more than 12000 yuan.The risk of neglect among children whose grandparents serving as caregivers was associated with 2.17-times higher than children with parental care.The risk of neglect of children with poor parental relationship was 2.

关 键 词：精神卫生 虐待儿童 回归分析 儿童 学龄前 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] B844.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]